Alnya's Language • The Language of Yuksen

Natively known as: yukse /ˈjukse/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
gawsh yo miw måswì yo genà gawsh mo yo tom rà ir nur
Pronunciation: /gɔʃ jo miw ˈməswɵ jo geˈnɐ gɔʃ mo jo tom rɐ ir nur/
Yuksen word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b c d f g j k l m n r s t w ɟ ɲ ʃ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal	m		n		ɲ
Stop	b		t d		c ɟ	k g
Fricative		f	s	ʃ
Approximant					j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u ɐ ɔ ə ɵ ʉ

	Front	Central	Back
High	i	ʉ	u
High-mid	e	ɵ	o
Mid		ə
Low-mid			ɔ
Near-low		ɐ
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: No fixed stress ?
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɔ	aw
ɐ	à
ə	å
ɵ	ì
ʉ	ù
c	chy
j	y
ɟ	j
ɲ	ny
ʃ	sh

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

	Singular	Plural
Definite	Prefix ɵ- ìmebnu /ɵˈmebnu/ the dog	If ends with vowel: Suffix -w Else: Suffix -ew mebnuw /ˈmebnuw/ the dogs
Indefinite	If starts with vowel: Prefix ʃ- Else: Prefix ʃɵ- shìmebnu /ʃɵmebˈnu/ a dog	No affix mebnu /ˈmebnu/ some dogs

Articles

Yuksen encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.

Pronouns

1st singular	aw /ɔ/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	dis /dis/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	yo /jo/ he, him, his, it, its
3rd singular fem	wìm /wɵm/ she, her, hers, it, its
1st plural	ka /ka/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	a /a/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	mal /mal/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

1st singular	aw /ɔ/ my
2nd singular	dis /dis/ your
3rd singular masc	yo /jo/ his
3rd singular fem	wìm /wɵm/ her
1st plural	ka /ka/ our
2nd plural	a /a/ your (pl)
3rd plural	mal /mal/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix maw /maw/ learn
Past	If starts with vowel: Prefix r- Else: Prefix ra- ramaw /ˈramaw/ learned
Future	If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -un mawun /ˈmawun/ will learn

Progressive aspect

The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.
Yuksen uses an affix for progressive:

Progressive

If starts with vowel: Prefix k- Else: Prefix kʉ- kùmaw /ˈkʉmaw/ is learning

Habitual aspect

The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Yuksen uses a standalone particle word for habitual:

Habitual

Particle before the verb: fa - fa maw /fa maw/ learns

Numbers

Yuksen has a base-10 number system:
1 - de
2 - awr
3 - ne
4 - mu
5 - rù
6 - yel
7 - ki
8 - mà
9 - sa
10 - i
11 - i gawsh de “ten and one”
100 - gå “hundred”
101 - gå de “hundred one”
200 - awr gå
1000 - fasìm “thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -k
Else: Suffix -ik
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -o
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ɐj
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -ən
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -un
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -an
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix o-
Tending to = Suffix -en
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix s-
Else: Prefix so-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʃ-
Else: Prefix ʃe-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -e
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ʉm
Diminutive = Suffix -i
Augmentative = Suffix -us

Dictionary

3165 Words.