Draconic

Natively known as: draconik /ˈdraconic/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
plu led arts cundged florlk thraned plu cundged ounsed poi jurds nay grous
Pronunciation: /pluː lɛd ɑɹts kuːnʤd flɔːlk θɹɑnd pluː kuːnʤd ʊə̯nst pɔɪ̯ ʤʌɹdz neɪ̯ gɹʊə̯z/
Draconic word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d f g h j k l m n p s t v w z ð ŋ ɹ ʃ ʍ ʤ ʧ θ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n			ŋ
Stop	p b			t d			k g
Affricate					ʧ ʤ
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ			h
Approximant				ɹ		j
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	ʍ w

Vowel inventory: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ eɪ̯ iː oʊ̯ uː æ ɑ ɑː ɔɪ̯ ɔː ɛ ɛə̯ ɜː ɪ ɪə̯ ʊ ʊə̯ ʌ
Diphthongs: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ eɪ̯ oʊ̯ ɔɪ̯ ɛə̯ ɪə̯ ʊə̯ ?

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː		uː
Near-high	ɪ		ʊ
Low-mid	ɛ	ɜː	ʌ ɔː
Near-low	æ
Low			ɑ ɑː

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable ?
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
kw	qu
kt	cked / _#
k	c / !_{ɪ,i,ɛ,e,s}
oʊ̯C₁	oC₁e / _#
uːC₁	uC₁e / _#
eɪ̯C₁	aC₁e / _#
eɪ̯	ay / _#
eɪ̯	a
ð	th
θ	th
ʍ	wh
ŋg	ng
ŋ{k,c}	nk
ŋ	ng
ʧ	ch
ʃ	sh
ɹ	r
z	s / _#
ju	u / C_
cc	ck
c	k / _#
{t,d}	ed / C_#
aʊ̯	ow / _#
aʊ̯	ou
ʊə̯	ou
ɔɪ̯	oi
ɪə̯	ear
aɪ̯	i
ɪ	y / _#
ɪ	i
ji	yi
j	y
iː	y / _#
yy	yi / _#
y	i / #_#
ʌ	u
iː	ee
oʊ̯	o
ʊ	oo
ɛ	e
ɑ(ː)	a
t	tt / æ_#
l	ll / æ_#
s	ss / æ_#
z	zz / æ_#
æ	a
ʤ	j / #_
ʤ	ge / _#
ʤ	dg
ɜː	ur
ɔː	or
uː	u
quur	quir
eə̯	ere

---

Grammar

Main word order: Subject Object Verb (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door opened with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?

Nouns

Nouns have seven cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man is in town.
• Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.
• Instrumental is the use of something: man writes with (using) pen.

Nominative	No affix fan /fɑːn/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -nsfaʊ̯ Else: Suffix -ɑnsfaʊ̯ fanansfow /ˈfɑːnɑnsfaʊ̯/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ns Else: Suffix -ɪns fanins /ˈfɑːnɪns/ dogʼs
Dative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -zmeɪ̯ Else: Suffix -iːzmeɪ̯ faneezmay /ˈfɑːniːzmeɪ̯/ to (the/a) dog
Locative	Suffix -ɔː fanor /ˈfɑːnɔː/ near/at/by (the/a) dog
Ablative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -tɹoʊ̯ Else: Suffix -ɪə̯tɹoʊ̯ faneartro /ˈfɑːnɪə̯tɹoʊ̯/ from (the/a) dog
Instrumental	If ends with vowel: Suffix -nθ Else: Suffix -ɪnθ faninth /ˈfɑːnɪnθ/ with/using (the/a) dog

	Masculine	Feminine
Singular	No affix du /duː/ man	No affix moi /mɔɪ̯/ woman
Plural	If ends with vowel: Suffix -nvur /nvɜː/ Else: Suffix -anvur /ɑːnvɜː/ dunvur /ˈduːnvɜː/ men	Suffix -oths /oʊ̯ðz/ moioths /ˈmɔɪ̯oʊ̯ðz/ women

Articles

Definite	frorn /fɹɔːn/ the
Indefinite	shri /ʃɹaɪ̯/ a/some

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative	Locative	Ablative	Instrumental
1st singular	graped /gɹeɪ̯pt/ I	quere /kwɛə̯/ me	gou /gʊə̯/ mine	foidged /fɔɪ̯ʤd/ to me	i /iː/ at me	vy /viː/ from me	ry /ɹiː/ with/using me
2nd singular	gry /gɹiː/ you	louved /lʊə̯vd/ you	roulf /ɹʊə̯lf/ yours	smu /smuː/ to you	crou /kɹʊə̯/ at you	slude /sluːd/ from you	fat /fɑːt/ with/using you
3rd singular masc	led /lɛd/ he, it	tho /ðoʊ̯/ him, it	cundged /kuːnʤd/ his, its	quang /kwɑŋ/ to him, at it	la /lɑ/ at him, at it	plip /plɪp/ from him, from it	vi /vaɪ̯/ with/using him/it
3rd singular fem	splay /spleɪ̯/ she, it	tid /taɪ̯d/ her, it	crands /kɹeɪ̯ndz/ hers, its	u /uː/ to her, at it	rooth /ɹʊθ/ at her, at it	borm /boʊ̯ɹm/ from her, from it	stoud /staʊ̯d/ with/using her/it
1st plural	plish /plɪʃ/ we	bear /bɪə̯/ us	snicked /snaɪ̯kt/ ours	chel /ʧɛl/ to us	bromp /bɹoʊ̯mp/ at us	ky /kiː/ from us	fen /fɛn/ with/using us
2nd plural	near /nɪə̯/ you all	twu /twuː/ you all	waned /wɑnd/ yours (pl)	grane /gɹeɪ̯n/ to you all	thoths /ðoʊ̯θs/ at you all	fly /fliː/ from you all	scray /skɹeɪ̯/ with/using you all
3rd plural masc	il /aɪ̯l/ they (masc)	kate /keɪ̯t/ them (masc)	eeled /iːld/ theirs (masc)	ga /gɑ/ to them (masc)	lik /laɪ̯k/ at them (masc)	glouns /glaʊ̯ns/ from them (masc)	thu /θuː/ with/using them (masc)
3rd plural fem	gluks /glʌks/ they (fem)	bi /baɪ̯/ them (fem)	woi /wɔɪ̯/ theirs (fem)	cums /kʌmz/ to them (fem)	or /ɔː/ at them (fem)	whi /ʍaɪ̯/ from them (fem)	roimed /ɹɔɪ̯md/ with/using them (fem)

Possessive determiners

1st singular	gou /gʊə̯/ my
2nd singular	roulf /ɹʊə̯lf/ your
3rd singular masc	cundged /kuːnʤd/ his
3rd singular fem	crands /kɹeɪ̯ndz/ her
1st plural	snicked /snaɪ̯kt/ our
2nd plural	waned /wɑnd/ your (pl)
3rd plural masc	eeled /iːld/ their (masc)
3rd plural fem	woi /wɔɪ̯/ their (fem)

Verbs

Present	No affix thri /θɹaɪ̯/ learn
Past	If ends with vowel: Suffix -dror /dɹɔː/ Else: Suffix -urdror /ɜːdɹɔː/ thridror /ˈθɹaɪ̯dɹɔː/ learned

Draconic uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: ɹɑːŋks - ranks thri /ɹɑːŋks θɹaɪ̯/ will learn

Imperfective aspect

The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
Draconic uses a standalone particle word for imperfective:

Imperfective

Particle before the verb: splɔː - splor thri /splɔː θɹaɪ̯/ learns/is learning

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Draconic uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

If ends with vowel: Suffix -k Else: Suffix -ɪə̯k thrik /θɹaɪ̯k/ have learned

Numbers

Draconic has a base-10 number system:
1 - bere
2 - toms
3 - afed
4 - heen
5 - pluks
6 - mudquy
7 - rech
8 - spes
9 - ebdor
10 - wu
100 - whoozed
1000 - snoi

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -eɪ̯d
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -zɜː
Else: Suffix -ɪzɜː
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ldz
Else: Suffix -ɜːldz
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -aʊ̯
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -ɔː
Noun to verb = Suffix -ɑɹs
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -oʊ̯
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -v
Else: Suffix -ɜːv
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -ɜː
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʃoʊ̯
Else: Suffix -ʌʃoʊ̯
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -oʊ̯ɹm
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ɛə̯
Diminutive = Suffix -ʌld
Augmentative = Suffix -iː

Dictionary

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Dictionary

3115 Words.

Spoken by

• Chromatic Dragonborn
• Dragonforged
• Dragons
• Metallic Dragonborn