Sivan

Natively known as: sivska /ˈsivska/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
e chyaqa qachye gekhge pa e ta khachy qese pa lapal el
Pronunciation: /æ ˈcaqa ˈqacæ ˈgæxgæ pa æ ta xac ˈqæsæ pa ˈlapal æl/
Sivan word order: and he stood holding hat his and turned his face wet the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x z ð

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m			n
Stop	p b			t d	c	k g	q
Fricative		f v	ð	s z		x		h
Approximant					j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a æ

	Front
Near-low	æ
Low	a

Syllable structure: (C)V(C) Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable Word initial consonants: c d f g h j k l n p q r s t v x ð Mid-word consonants: b bm bn bt bv bz c cl cs ct d db dg dm dr dv f fh fk fl fp fw fx g gb gf gg gj gl gn gz h hb hm hr hw j jd jf jk jm jn jz k kd kh km kn ks kt kv kz l lb lh lm lp lt lv lw lz m mg mh ml mn mr ms mv mz n nb ng nj nk nl nm nr nt nz nð p pf pj pr pt q qt r rc rf rg rh rn rp rr rt rv rw s sb sc sd sm sn sp sr sx t tb tc td tf tg tl tm tp tr ts tv tw v vb vd vj vm vn vr vw w wk wl wp wq ws wt wx wð x xd xg xk xl xm xw xz z zg zk zm zr zt zw ð ðj Word final consonants: b c f g k l n s t v w x z
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
æ	e
c	chy
j	y
x	kh
ð	th

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun. Adposition: postpositions

Definite	ke /kæ/ the
Indefinite	qab /qab/ a/some

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -æ Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -al Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -an Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -b Else: Suffix -æb Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t Else: Suffix -æt Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -s Else: Suffix -as Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -w Else: Suffix -æw Tending to = Suffix -æk Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -v Else: Suffix -av Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t Else: Suffix -at One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ab Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -l Else: Suffix -al Diminutive = Suffix -æ Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -b Else: Suffix -æb

Dictionary

321 Words.

Common Phrases

Ke veiku deyja

The weak die

Hæ

Hey (informal)

Kveðja

Greetings (formal)