Yrsan (/'Yrsan/)

Natively known as: yrska /ˈyrska/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
wis ta dwok fag yo sak wis dval yo wur svew kæ zyat
Pronunciation: /wis ta dwok fag jo sak wis dval jo wur svew kæ zjat/
Yrsan word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d f g h j k l m n p r s t v w z ð

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n
Stop	p b			t d		k g
Fricative		f v	ð	s z			h
Approximant					j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u æ

	Front	Back
High	i	u
High-mid	e	o
Near-low	æ
Low	a

Syllable structure: (C)(C)V(C)
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable
Word initial consonants: b bw dl dr dv dw f g gj j k kr l m mj ml mp n nt p pw r rj rw s sn sv t ts tv v vl vr vw w wh z zj zl zn zw ð
Mid-word consonants: b bb bd bj bl bv d dl dr dw f fd fh fm fn ft g gh gl gt gw h hk hl hm hr ht hv j jf jk jn k kd kh kk kl kn ks kv l lb lf ln lr lv lw lð m md mj ml mp mt n nb nd nf ng nn nr ns nv nz p pf pk pl pt pv r rd rf rg rh rk rl rn rp rs rw s sb sd sf sg sj sn sp ss sz t tb tf tj tk tl ts tt tv v vg vl vr w wd wm wv z zg zh zj zl zm zn zt zv zw zz ð ðj
Word final consonants: b d g j k l m n p r s t v w z
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
j	y
ð	th

---

Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions

Nouns

Singular	No affix fi /fi/ dog
Plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix l- Else: Prefix le- lefi /ˈlefi/ dogs

Articles

Yrsan has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

1st singular	be /be/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	pwe /pwe/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	ta /ta/ he, him, his, it, its
3rd singular fem	pal /pal/ she, her, hers, it, its
1st plural	pu /pu/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	ntu /ntu/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	re /re/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

1st singular	sni /sni/ my
2nd singular	meg /meg/ your
3rd singular masc	yo /jo/ his
3rd singular fem	dru /dru/ her
1st plural	dvow /dvow/ our
2nd plural	gu /gu/ your (pl)
3rd plural	snæ /snæ/ their

Verbs

	Present	Past
1st person	Prefix æ- æzyuz /ˈæzjuz/ (I/we) learn	Prefix ke- kezyuz /ˈkezjuz/ (I/we) learned
2nd person	Prefix o- ozyuz /ˈozjuz/ (you/you all) learn	Prefix wha- whazyuz /ˈwhazjuz/ (you/you all) learned
3rd person	Prefix a- azyuz /ˈazjuz/ (he/she/it/they) learn	If starts with vowel: Prefix mp- Else: Prefix mpæ- mpæzyuz /ˈmpæzjuz/ (he/she/it/they) learned

Yrsan uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: bwi - bwi zyuz /bwi zjuz/ will learn

Imperfective aspect

The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
Yrsan uses an affix for imperfective:

Imperfective

Prefix dva- dvazyuz /ˈdvazjuz/ learns/is learning

Numbers

Yrsan has a base-10 number system:
1 - za
2 - vwe
3 - rim
4 - kan
5 - lit
6 - voy
7 - zlu
8 - bun
9 - uzvap
10 - rwe
11 - rwe wis za “ten and one”
100 - koval “hundred”
101 - koval wis za “hundred and one”
200 - vwe koval
1000 - svup “thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix sve-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix ji-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix e-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix e-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix mjo-
Noun to verb = If starts with vowel: Prefix m-
Else: Prefix ma-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix ba-
Tending to = If starts with vowel: Prefix dr-
Else: Prefix dro-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix rw-
Else: Prefix rwa-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix i-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix snæ-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix e-
Diminutive = Prefix u-
Augmentative = Prefix e-

Dictionary

336 Words.