Texas Longhorn
The Texas longhorn breed of cattle came from the interbreeding of Spanish cattle with English cattle breeds. They freely roam the plains of the American west, and are prefrequently driven to other states for the meat market. Those that are bred and raised in Texas are immune to what is known as Texas fever, though they often carry the disease with them on ticks when they move along cattle drive routes.
Basic Information
Anatomy
This breed of cattle is known for its wide, sweeping horns that can exceed 70" or more, tip to tip. Horns are thicker in bulls than in cows, with a base circumference of 12" or more.
Genetics and Reproduction
Cows tend to be pregnant for an average of 283 days, or about 9 months. Most cows only have one calf, though sometimes twins occur.
Growth Rate & Stages
Young longhorns reach sexual maturity between 24 and 36 months of age, which is also when their horns grow the most quickly. Horn growth slows after this age. It takes 8 to 10 years for longhorns to reach their full size, ranging anywhere from 600 to 2,500 pounds.
Ecology and Habitats
Longhorns can survive in many environments and on sparse grazing, allowing them to be used for meat production all over the American west.
Behaviour
Longhorns are known to be a docile breed, despite the intimidating appearance.
Additional Information
Domestication
Longhorns are a domesticated species bred from the natural crossing of domesticated Spanish and English cattle that escaped captivity during the colonial period.
Uses, Products & Exploitation
Texas longhorn cattle are primarily used for their meat and for their colorful hides.
Origin/Ancestry
Mixing of Spanish and English cattle breeds
Lifespan
20-30 years
Average Height
4-5ft at the shoulders
Average Weight
Bulls average 1,400 to 2,200 pounds. Cows average 600 to 1,400 pounds. Steer (castrated males) average 1,400 to 2,500 pounds.
Average Physique
Sturdy and hardy, with bulls more muscular than cows.
Body Tint, Colouring and Marking
Longhorns are a colorful breed, with solid colors being virtually undesirable.
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