Component Pouch

The component pouch is an easily misunderstood item in D&D 5E. It exists to streamline a complex spellcasting system, and it allows you to cast a much wider pool of spells than you’d otherwise be capable of. It can also be a handy roleplaying tool that will help you make your character unique, even during combat.

Spellcasting Components

To understand the components pouch, you first need to understand how spellcasting components work.
There are three kinds of spellcasting components: verbal, somatic, and material.
A spell can have any combination of these. For example, Fireball has all three types of components, but Healing Word only has a verbal component.

• Verbal: If a spell has a verbal component, that means you need to say a word or phrase aloud in order to cast it.
• Somatic: If a spell has a somatic component, then you need to make some hand gestures or movements to cast it.
• Material: A spell’s material component is what we’re interested in. This is a little more complicated. If a spell has material components, then the spell’s description will specify certain items that you need to use when casting the spell. For example, casting Fireball requires “a tiny ball of bat guano and sulfur.”

These material components usually aren’t consumed by the spell. You can cast Fireball as many times as you like using the same components.
Some spells do specify that their components are consumed though. Resurrection, for example, requires a diamond to cast, and this is consumed.
Some spells with a material component, particularly those with a material component that’s consumed by casting, specify a value for their material component.
The diamond used when casting Resurrection needs to have a value of at least 1,000 gp.

What Does the Component Pouch Do?

A components pouch replaces the material component of a spell.
Instead of needing to ensure that you have the right components for all your spells, if you have a component pouch, then it’s assumed to contain all the material components needed for all your spells.
This excludes any spells with material components that have a specific cost.
The diamond consumed by Resurrection has a specified value, so your components pouch doesn’t contain any such diamonds. If you want to cast Resurrection, then you need to acquire a diamond every time.

Component Pouch vs. Spellcasting Focus

Spellcasting focuses are mechanically identical to a component pouch. Various items can work as a spellcasting focus, including an Arcane Focus or a holy symbol.
Like a component pouch, these items work in place of a spell’s material components.
The big difference between a component pouch and a spellcasting focus is thematic rather than mechanical.
A spellcasting focus is a single object that you channel your spells through. If you cast spells using a holy symbol, then this might be emblazoned onto a shield or weapon that you channel divine energy through.
Using a component pouch, you retain some connection to your spells’ material components. Within the fantasy of the game, you’re still using those components to cast.
The component pouch is just a way to mechanically handwave the acquisition and tracking of those components.
This is fantastic for roleplaying. Using a component pouch, you can still describe how you cast spells using the spells’ material components.
Because all those spells have very different components, this can lead to much more varied descriptions of your actions in combat.

The Component Pouch and Roleplay

The biggest boon of a component pouch in roleplay is that it allows you to engage with the material components of your spells to whatever degree you like.
You can completely ignore the material components of a spell, and from a mechanical standpoint, everything will still be taken care of.
Conversely, you can create a full inventory of your component pouch’s contents and allow that to inform how you play your character.
You can invent detailed and unique methods that you use to cast with the components for each spell. You can easily combine this with the spell’s somatic components too.
For example, when casting Fireball, you could hold the “tiny ball of bat guano and sulfur” in one hand while using your other hand to make circling motions around it, gradually stoking up a growing ball of flame.
Then, once the fireball was conjured, you could separate it from its material component and toss it casually at your target.
Alternatively, you could cast the same spell by moving as if to throw the ball of guano and sulfur overhand.
Then, instead of releasing your grip, you keep your hand closed and a ball of fire follows the arc that your throw would have made.
These are wildly different ways to cast the same spell. One is calculated, delicate, and careful whereas the other is violent and abrupt.
Your character might even be slightly grossed out by the spell’s component. You can describe how your character holds the “guano” between a thumb and forefinger while casting, wrinkling their nose in disgust.
This is a great area to let your creativity run wild – all the tiny details of how you describe your spellcasting will help to inform how the other players view your character.
You can also theme your use of the component to the spell itself.
Casting Minor Illusion, you might brush the spell’s “bit of fleece” over your eyes, literally “pulling the wool over your eyes” so you can metaphorically do the same to others with the illusion you create.

Casting Without Your Component Pouch

You may not always have access to your component pouch.
The denizens of D&D worlds are usually familiar with magic and understand that spellcasters are limited if they’re deprived of their component pouch or spellcasting focus.
While you’ll likely have access to your component pouch for the overwhelming majority of your spellcasting, there are situations where you might not.
In cases where your martial allies are forced to leave their swords and axes at the door, you might need to leave your component pouch.
If you’re captured or imprisoned, then your component pouch is the first thing your captors will confiscate.
In these situations, it’s helpful to know which of your spells don’t require components and which spells have material components that you might be able to easily find.
Heat Metal, for example, requires a piece of iron and a flame.
If you’re imprisoned, then an iron manacle could fill the role of the piece of iron, so you may still be able to cast this spell without access to your component pouch.
A reduced spell pool can force you to find creative uses for spells that you’d ordinarily ignore and for items from your environment.

The Component Pouch for DMs

Taking Away a Player’s Component Pouch

Taking away a player’s component pouch can be an organic-feeling way to restrict the spells they can use in a situation and force players to consider alternate ways to play their character.
How does a wizard deal damage without Fireball? How does a druid play their class without Shillelagh?
This can also be a great way to characterize places in your game world.
In a magical world, for example, guards and soldiers would take security measures that account for the existence of magic users.
If your world contains a high-security area, like a fortified city where weapons, focuses, and component pouches are all confiscated on entry, that can give your players a reason to consider using many of the game’s less popular spells.
It’s a bad idea to confiscate a component pouch too frequently without warning because this can become irritating to the player.
In the case of a fixed area that the player must give up their component pouch to enter though, the player has plenty of warning that their spell pool will be restricted.
It will feel like a trade-off the player is making rather than something arbitrarily imposed by you.

Source: Black Citadel, by Rich
https://blackcitadelrpg.com/component-pouch-5e/
Source for component pouch list: Posted on Reddit by u/mnkybrs at
https://www.reddit.com/r/rpg/comments/ugdlfs/the_full_contents_of_a_5e_spell_component_pouch/ u/mnkybrs

Item type

Magical

Rarity

Common

Weight

2 LB.

Base Price

25 GP

A wizard gets the spell component pouch at first level, and never has to think about it or spend and gold or resources on it as they level. It follows that the pouch contains every material component for every known spell from 1st to 9th level (except components that are destroyed or have a specific value and need to be bought separately).
Cantrip:

• bit of phosphorus
• small amount of makeup
• firefly or phosphorescent moss
• two lodestones
• bit of fleece
  

1st:

• tiny bell
• piece of fine silver wire
• pinch of powder or sand that is colored red, yellow, and blue
• pinch of soot
• pinch of salt
• small amount of alcohol or distilled spirits
• small white wing feather from a hummingbird
• bit of pork rind or butter
• grasshopper's hind leg
• pinch of dirt
• piece of cured leather
• pinch of fine sand, rose petals, or a cricket
• tiny tarts
• drop of mercury
• piece of string
• bit of wood
• twig from a tree that has been struck by lightning

2nd:

• sliver of glass
• bat fur and a drop of pitch or piece of coal
• either a pinch of dried carrot or an agate
• copper piece
• pinch of powdered iron
• bit of tallow
• pinch of brimstone
• small, straight piece of iron
• small leather loop or a piece of golden wire bent into a cup shape with a long shank on one end
• forked twig (I guess if your twig from a tree that has been struck by lightning is also forked, this would be redundant?)
• powdered rhubarb leaf
• adder's stomach
• small square of silk
• powdered corn extract
• twisted loop of parchment
• pinch of talc
• small sprinkling of powdered silver
• chip of mica
• drop of bitumen
• spider
• snake's tongue
• bit of honeycomb or drop of sweet oil
• bit of spiderweb

3rd:

• drop of blood
• piece of flesh
• pinch of bone dust
• pinch of graveyard dirt
• tiny ball of bat guano and sulfur
• bit of gauze
• wisp of smoke
• shaving of licorice root
• glowing stick of incense or a crystal vial filled with phosphorescent material
• rod of amber, crystal, or glass
• short piece of fine copper wire
• pinch of dust
• few drops of water
• drop of molasses
• rotten egg or several skunk cabbage leaves
• small clay model of a ziggurat
• short reed or piece of straw

4th:

• three nut shells
• piece of tentacle from a giant octopus or a giant squid
• stone
• bit of green plant
• bit of fur from a bloodhound
• tiny silver whistle
• piece of bone
• thread
• thin sheet of lead
• piece of opaque glass
• wad of cotton or cloth
• powdered chrysolite
• hemispherical piece of clear crystal
• matching hemispherical piece of gum arabic with an eyelash encased in it (Hopefully the eyelash [needed for Invisibility] doesn't disqualify this from working with Resilient Sphere. Otherwise, we'll need another hemispherical piece of gum arabic, sans eyelash.)
• caterpillar cocoon
• soft clay

5th:

• snakeskin glove (You could just wear the glove all the time and not have to keep it in the pouch; very stylish.)
• dab of ink
• writing quill plucked from a sleeping bird
• pinch of sesame seeds
• pieces of eggshell from two different kinds of creatures
• pinch of powder made by crushing a clear gemstone
• small block of granite

6th:

• three silver pins
• pinch of lime
• snake's tongue
• iron blade
• small bag containing a mixture of soils—clay, loam, and sand
• magnifying glass
• small piece of quartz

7th:

• iron filings

8th:

• lump of alum soaked in vinegar
• drop of honey
• bits of earth and wood mixed in water
• handful of clay, crystal, glass, or mineral spheres
• piece of sunstone
• pair of linked silver rings

9th:

• dollop of gum arabic (If a dollop can be hemispherical in shape and have an eyelash in it, then we might be covered for Invisibility, Reslient Sphere, and True Polymorph. Who knew gum arabic was a wizard's best friend?)