Modern Halfling

Natively known as: Brarnsaisdt /ˈbʁaʁnzaɪst/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
frö ne ple ehmer uh prünnfie frö ple ährauchdt harklo pfettsdt au klö
Pronunciation: /fʁœ nə plə ˈeːmɐ uː ˈpʁʏnfiː fʁœ plə eːˈʁaʊxt haʁˈklɔ pfetst aʊ kløː/
Brarnsaisdti word order: and he his hat holding stood and his wet face the wind to turned

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /b d f g h j k l m n p s t v x z ç ŋ ʁ ʃ ʔ ʦ ʧ χ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m		n			ŋ
Stop	p b		t d			k g		ʔ
Affricate			ʦ	ʧ
Fricative		f v	s z	ʃ	ç	x	χ ʁ	h
Approximant					j
Lateral approximant			l

Vowel inventory: /a aɪ aʊ aː e eː i iː o oː u uː y yː øː œ ɐ ɔ ɔʏ ə ɛ ɛː ɪ ʊ ʏ/
Diphthongs: aɪ, aʊ, ɔʏ

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː i yː y		uː u
Near-high	ɪ ʏ		ʊ
High-mid	eː e øː		oː o
Mid		ə
Low-mid	ɛ ɛː œ		ɔ
Near-low		ɐ
Low	a aː

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: No fixed stress
Word initial consonants: b, bl, bʁ, d, dʁ, f, fl, fʁ, g, gl, gʁ, h, j, k, kl, kn, kv, kʁ, l, m, n, p, pf, pl, pʁ, s, t, tʁ, v, z, ʁ, ʃ, ʃl, ʃm, ʃn, ʃp, ʃpʁ, ʃt, ʃtʁ, ʃv, ʃʁ, ʔ, ʦ, ʦv
Mid-word consonants: b, bl, bʁ, d, f, fg, fh, fn, fp, ft, ftʁ, fʁ, g, gn, h, j, k, kl, ks, kt, kv, kz, kʦ, l, lb, ld, lf, lft, lg, lk, lt, ltz, lz, lç, lʃ, m, mb, mbʁ, ml, mn, mp, mpf, mpj, n, nbl, nd, nf, ng, ngl, ngʁ, nh, nl, nm, nst, nt, ntk, ntl, ntv, ntʔ, nv, nz, nçm, nʁ, nʃ, nʦ, nʧ, p, pf, pl, pv, pz, s, sf, sh, sl, st, stk, sv, sz, sç, sʔ, t, tbʁ, tk, tn, tv, tz, tç, tʔ, v, x, xd, xt, xʁ, z, ç, çk, çl, çst, çt, çtl, ŋ, ŋk, ŋkʦj, ŋn, ŋz, ʁ, ʁb, ʁd, ʁdn, ʁf, ʁg, ʁh, ʁk, ʁkl, ʁl, ʁm, ʁn, ʁnz, ʁp, ʁt, ʁtl, ʁv, ʁz, ʁç, ʁçtb, ʁʃl, ʃ, ʃp, ʃpʁ, ʃt, ʃv, ʔ, ʦ, ʦd, ʦj, χ
Word final consonants: f, ft, gŋ, k, ks, kt, l, lk, lp, lpst, ls, lt, lʃ, m, mpf, n, nf, nft, ns, nst, nt, nts, nʃ, p, pf, pt, pʃ, s, st, t, tl, ts, tst, x, xt, ç, çt, çts, ŋ, ŋk, ŋks, ŋkt, ŋst, ʁ, ʁf, ʁk, ʁl, ʁn, ʁnst, ʁt, ʁts, ʁç, ʁʃ, ʃ, ʧ
Phonological changes (in order of application):

• k → g / n_
• u → o / _Ca

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
([aeiouœɐɔɛɪʊʏ](?!ː))([mbltnps])	$1$2$2
([aeiouœɐɔɛɪʊʏ](?!ː))(k)	$1ck
aɪ	ei | ai
aʊ	au
aː	a
eː	ä | äh | e | eh | ee
iː	ie
ks	chs
oː	o | oh | oo
p#	b
t#	dt
uː	u | uh
v	w
x	ch
yː	ü
z	s
ç	ch
ø	ö
øː	ö
ŋ	ng
ŋk	nk
œ	ö
ɐ(?!r)	er
ɐ	e
ɔ	o
ɔʏ	eu
ə	e
ɛ	ä | e
ɛː	ä
ɪ	i
ʁ	r
ʃ	sch
ʊ	u
ʏ	ü
ʔ
ʦ#	zt
ʦ	z
ʦ	z
ʦj	ti

---

Grammar

Main word order: Subject-Object-Oblique-Verb. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary the door with a key opened.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions

Nouns

Nouns have five cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipeint of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man goes to town.

Nominative	No affix schpen /ʃpən/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	Prefix joː- jooschpen /ˈjoːʃpən/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	If starts with vowel: Prefix b- Else: Prefix bi- bisschpen /ˈbiʃpən/ dogʼs
Dative	If starts with vowel: Prefix aŋz- Else: Prefix aŋzo- angsosschpen /aŋˈzoʃpən/ to (the/a) dog
Locative	If starts with vowel: Prefix f- Else: Prefix fɐ- fersschpen /fɐʃˈpən/ near/at/by (the/a) dog

	Masculine	Feminine
Singular	No affix ongchs /ɔŋks/ man	No affix dyper /ˈdypɐ/ woman
Plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix yçst- Else: Prefix yçstʏ- ychstongchs /yçsˈtɔŋks/ men	Prefix bla- bladyper /blaˈdypɐ/ women

Articles

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	blannfdt /blanft/ the	ienfdt /iːnft/ a
Plural	de /də/ the	he /hə/ some

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative	Locative
1st singular	soü /zɔʏ/ I	ü /yː/ me	schtröns /ʃtʁøːns/ mine	wä /vɛ/ to me	eins /aɪns/ at me
2nd singular	de /də/ you	schmü /ʃmyː/ you	dru /dʁuː/ yours	tra /tʁaː/ to you	prönsch /pʁøːnʃ/ at you
3rd singular masc	ne /nə/ he	sö /zøː/ him	ple /plə/ his	wappf /vapf/ to him	bü /byː/ at him
3rd singular fem	e /ɛ/ she	schter /ʃtɐ/ her	he /hə/ hers	fli /flɪ/ to her	püssdt /pʏst/ at her
1st plural	schpattl /ʃpatl/ we	pfysch /pfyʃ/ us	ko /ko/ ours	pippsch /pipʃ/ to us	au /aʊ/ at us
2nd plural	le /lə/ you (all)	wehs /veːs/ you (all)	lyrts /lyʁts/ yours	wa /va/ to you (all)	fiels /fiːls/ at you (all)
3rd plural masc	e /ə/ they	ielb /iːlp/ them	schproü /ʃpʁɔʏ/ theirs	klü /klyː/ to them	grählpsdt /gʁeːlpst/ at them
3rd plural fem	fau /faʊ/ they	wi /vɪ/ them	oh /oː/ theirs	bri /bʁɪ/ to them	binkdt /biŋkt/ at them

Possessive determiners

1st singular	schtröns /ʃtʁøːns/ my
2nd singular	dru /dʁuː/ your
3rd singular masc	ple /plə/ his
3rd singular fem	he /hə/ her
1st plural	ko /ko/ our
2nd plural	dru /dʁuː/ your
3rd plural masc	schproü /ʃpʁɔʏ/ their
3rd plural fem	schproü /ʃpʁɔʏ/ their

Verbs

	Future
1st singular	Prefix o- oasschwütl /oaʃˈvyːtl/ (I) will study
2nd singular	If starts with vowel: Prefix bʁ- Else: Prefix bʁaː- brasschwütl /bʁaʃˈvyːtl/ (you) will study
3rd singular masc	Prefix ɛ- äasschwütl /ɛaʃˈvyːtl/ (he) will study
3rd singular fem	Prefix ʊ- uasschwütl /ʊˈaʃvyːtl/ (she) will study
1st plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix aːnz- Else: Prefix aːnzøː- ansasschwütl /aːnzaʃˈvyːtl/ (we) will study
2nd plural	Prefix mɛ- mäasschwütl /mɛaʃˈvyːtl/ (you all) will study
3rd plural masc	If starts with vowel: Prefix od- Else: Prefix ode- odasschwütl /oˈdaʃvyːtl/ (they) will study
3rd plural fem	Prefix ʁɔ- roasschwütl /ʁɔˈaʃvyːtl/ (they) will study

Brarnsaisdti uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	pinnf /pinf/ past particle

Numbers

Brarnsaisdti has a base-10 number system:

• 1 - lechs
• 2 - ha
• 3 - e
• 4 - po
• 5 - frirsch
• 6 - na
• 7 - ze
• 8 - ti
• 9 - sünnmäh
• 10 - u
• 11 - lechs frö u “one and ten”
• 100 - droorch “hundred”
• 101 - drorch frö lechs “hundred and one”
• 200 - ha droorch
• 1000 - kwe “thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix aʊ-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix lu-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix œlt-
Else: Prefix œltʏ-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix ʔʊ-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix fʁɛ-
Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɔʏç-
Else: Prefix ɔʏçeː-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʦv-
Else: Prefix ʦvaː-
Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = Prefix a-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix øː-
Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = Prefix ʔeː-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix yː-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix o-
Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix h-
Else: Prefix hɐ-
Augmentative = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɛld-
Else: Prefix ɛldɛ-

Dictionary

4367 Words.

Common Female Names

• Blallb /blalp/
• Schrehtwo /ʃʁeːtˈvo/
• Serna /ˈseːʁna/
• Luchtirn /ˈluçtɪʁn/
• Dyrdnernndt /ˈdyʁdnɐnt/
• Grähchroh /gʁeːxˈʁoː/
• Pfucha /ˈpfuxa/
• Bürl /byːʁl/
• Idt /ɪt/
• Rienscha /ˈʁiːnʃa/

Common Male Names

• Fordt /foːʁt/
• Ügng /yːgŋ/
• Klürangchs /ˈklʏʁaŋks/
• Schtrillü /ʃtʁiˈlʏ/
• Trernnf /tʁɐnf/
• Fräl /fʁɛːl/
• Hallai /ˈhalaɪ/
• Schniechrü /ˈʃniːxʁyː/
• Scheichdt /ʃaɪçt/
• Schäppf /ʃɛpf/

Common Unisex Names

• Schtrillschönkzjy /ʃtʁilˈʃœŋkʦjy/
• Krychlachs /ˈkʁyçlaːks/
• Drauldt /dʁaʊlt/
• Ahinnsch /ˈahinʃ/
• Schternn /ʃtɐn/
• Ardie /aʁˈdiː/
• Unnfe /ˈʊnfə/
• Wähchstachts /ˈveːçstaːçts/
• Ainta /ˈaɪnta/
• Lyjöpdt /ˈlyjøːpt/