Minargish

Natively known as: tūmīnargh /tuːˈmiːnarɣ/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
yi mas īb i ka ashub yi nār ka wasm khār khaw ham
Pronunciation: /ji mas iːb i ka aˈʃub ji naːr ka wasm xaːr xaw ham/
Minargish word order: and he stood holding hat his and turned his face wet the wind to  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b d dˤ f h j k l m n q r s sˤ t tˤ w x z ð ðˤ ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʕ ʤ θ  
↓Manner/Place→BilabialLabiodentalDentalAlveolarPalato-alveolarPalatalVelarUvularPharyngealGlottal
Nasalmn
Stopbt tˤ d dˤkqʔ
Affricateʤ
Fricativefð θ ðˤs sˤ zʃɣ xʕ ħh
Approximantj
Trillr
Lateral approximantl
  Co-articulated phonemes  
↓Manner/Place→Labial-velar
Approximantw
  Vowel inventory: a aː i iː u uː  
FrontBack
Highi iːu uː
Lowa aː
  Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable ?   Sound changes (in order of application):  
  • ʔ → / #_
  • ʔ → k
  • sˤ → ʃ
  • tˤ → t
  • dˤ → d
  • ðˤ → ð
  • ħ → h
  • q → k
  • ʕ →
  Spelling rules:  
PronunciationSpelling
ʔ
θth
jy
ʤj
xkh
ðdh
ʃsh
ş
ţ
ʕʻ
ɣgh
ħ
ā
ī
ū
 

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?  

Nouns

  Nouns form plural with separate plural word:
PluralParticle before the noun: wib -
wib shīti /wib ʃiːˈti/ dogs
 

Articles

 
DefiniteIndefinite
Singularshā /ʃaː/ the da /da/ a
Plurali /i/ the ah /ah/ some
  Uses of definite article that differ from English:
  • Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
  Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:
  • Not used for non-specific mass (uncountable) nouns: non-specific means ‘Would you like some (any) tea?’ whereas specific means ‘Some tea (a specific amount) fell off the truck’
 

Pronouns

 
1st singularān /aːn/ I, me, mine
2nd singulari /i/ you, yours
3rd singular mascmas /mas/ he, him, his, it (masc), its (masc)
3rd singular femsu /su/ she, her, hers, it (fem), its (fem)
1st plural /tuː/ we, us, ours
2nd pluraldha /ða/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural /hiː/ they, them, theirs
 

Possessive determiners

 
Possessive
1st singular /taː/ my
2nd singularkīsm /kiːsm/ your
3rd singular mascka /ka/ his
3rd singular femūh /uːh/ her
1st plurali /i/ our
2nd pluralmad /mad/ your (pl)
3rd pluralki /ki/ their
 

Verbs

 
FutureIf starts with vowel: Prefix ʃ-
Else: Prefix ʃaː-
shādall /ʃaːˈdall/ will learn
  Minargish uses a standalone particle word for past tense:
PastParticle before the verb: ba -
ba dall /ba dall/ learned
 

Numbers

  Minargish has a base-20 number system:   1 - ha
2 - kad
3 -
4 -
5 - ā
6 - āsm
7 - kāhū
8 - hi
9 - ū
10 - ar
11 -
12 - uhur
13 -
14 -
15 -
16 - ūd
17 - kuk
18 -
19 - za
20 - bis
400 - khayy
8000 - kīn
 

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Prefix xaː-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix jaː-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix uːʕ-
Else: Prefix uːʕa-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix f-
Else: Prefix faː-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix bu-
Noun to verb = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɣ-
Else: Prefix ɣa-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɣ-
Else: Prefix ɣa-
Tending to = Prefix ra-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix iː-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix xa-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix kiː-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix uː-
Diminutive = Prefix ði-
Augmentative = If starts with vowel: Prefix m-
Else: Prefix ma-
Language of = If ends with vowel: Suffix -tli
Else: Suffix -atli

Dictionary

3066 Words.
Spoken by

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