Sgeyian

Natively known as: sgey /sgeɨ̯/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
trī miw rheyrêb pryws traī̯rdd clī trī pryws bluv lew stei̯msalla ga pluw
Pronunciation: /trɨ mɪu̯ ˈr̥eɨ̯rɛb prəu̯s traɨ̯rð klɨ trɨ prəu̯s bluv lɛu̯ stei̯mˈsaɬaː gaː plɨu̯/
Sgeyian word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d g h j k l m n n̥ p r r̥ s t v w ð ŋ ɬ ʃ θ χ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m			n n̥			ŋ
Stop	b p			d t			k g
Fricative		v	ð θ	s	ʃ			χ	h
Approximant						j
Trill				r̥ r
Lateral fricative				ɬ
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a ai̯ au̯ aɨ̯ aː ei̯ eɨ̯ eː i iː oː u uː ɔ ɔi̯ ɔɨ̯ ə əu̯ ɛ ɛu̯ ɨ ɨu̯ ɨː ɪ ɪu̯ ʊ ʊɨ̯
Diphthongs: ai̯ au̯ aɨ̯ ei̯ eɨ̯ ɔi̯ ɔɨ̯ əu̯ ɛu̯ ɨu̯ ɪu̯ ʊɨ̯ ?

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː i	ɨ ɨː	u uː
Near-high	ɪ		ʊ
High-mid	eː		oː
Mid		ə
Low-mid	ɛ		ɔ
Low	a aː

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: No fixed stress ?
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
f	ph
k	c
ŋ	ng
χ	ch
θ	th
r̥	rh
ɬ	ll
ð	dd
ɪu̯	iw
ɨu̯	uw
ʊɨ̯	wy
ɛu̯	ew
ɔi̯	oi
əu̯	yw
eɨ̯	ey
aː	a
ɔ	o
oː	ō
iː	i
ɪ	î
eː	e
ɛ	ê
uː	u
ʊ	ū
j	y
ɨː	ǐ
ɨ	ī
ʃ	shi
n̥	nh

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Object Verb (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door opened with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

Nouns have five cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man is in town.

Nouns form plural with separate plural word:

Plural

Particle before the noun: pleɨ̯ - pley mūld /pleɨ̯ mʊld/ dogs

Nominative	No affix mūld /mʊld/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	If starts with vowel: Prefix d- Else: Prefix dɨ- dīmūld /ˈdɨmʊld/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	If starts with vowel: Prefix dw- Else: Prefix dwɪ- dwîmūld /ˈdwɪmʊld/ dogʼs
Dative	If starts with vowel: Prefix kr- Else: Prefix kreɨ̯- creymūld /ˈkreɨ̯mʊld/ to dog
Locative	If starts with vowel: Prefix br- Else: Prefix breː- bremūld /breːˈmʊld/ near/at/by dog

Articles

Definite	brə /brə/ the
Indefinite	ce /keː/ a, some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
• Used to talk about countable nouns in general: English’s ‘I like cats’ would translate to ‘I like the cats’
• Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
• Used for languages: ‘The English’

Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:

• Not used for non-specific countable nouns: non-specific means ‘I am looking for a (any) girl in a red dress’, whereas specific means ‘I am looking for a (particular) girl in a red dress’
• Not used for non-specific mass (uncountable) nouns: non-specific means ‘Would you like some (any) tea?’ whereas specific means ‘Some tea (a specific amount) fell off the truck’

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative	Locative
1st singular	crai̯ /krai̯/ I	naī̯ /naɨ̯/ me	shio /ʃɔ/ mine	trǐ /trɨː/ to me	prent /preːnt/ to me
2nd singular	ī /ɨ/ you	gīm /gɨm/ you	nast /nast/ yours	gi /giː/ to you	a /a/ to you
3rd singular masc	miw /mɪu̯/ he, it (masc)	pryws /prəu̯s/ his, it (masc)	nhaī̯ /n̥aɨ̯/ his, its (masc)	mū /mʊ/ to his, to it (masc)	nardd /narð/ to his, to it (masc)
3rd singular fem	pro /prɔ/ she, it (fem)	cwō /kwoː/ her, it (fem)	yî /jɪ/ hers, its (fem)	wa /wa/ to her, to it (fem)	tiw /tɪu̯/ to her, to it (fem)
1st plural	wind /wiːnd/ we	ad /ad/ us	dai̯ /dai̯/ ours	shiai̯nht /ʃai̯n̥t/ to us	coid /kɔi̯d/ to us
2nd plural	grê /grɛ/ you all	ddid /ðiːd/ you all	sbiw /sbɪu̯/ yours (pl)	rha /r̥aː/ to you all	naī̯t /naɨ̯t/ to you all
3rd plural	ai̯ /ai̯/ they	sbī /sbɨ/ them	doit /dɔi̯t/ theirs	llū /ɬʊ/ to them	grey /greɨ̯/ to them

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	shio /ʃɔ/ my
2nd singular	nast /nast/ your
3rd singular masc	pryws /prəu̯s/ his
3rd singular fem	yî /jɪ/ her
1st plural	dai̯ /dai̯/ our
2nd plural	sbiw /sbɪu̯/ your (pl)
3rd plural	doit /dɔi̯t/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix tru /truː/ learn
Past	Prefix kɪu̯- ciwtru /ˈkɪu̯truː/ learned

Sgeyian uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: ʃɨː - shiǐ tru /ʃɨː truː/ will learn

Numbers

Sgeyian has a base-10 number system:
1 - thīrs
2 - dai̯d
3 - hi
4 - a
5 - e
6 - brê
7 - drō
8 - trwyhu
9 - cey
10 - nê
100 - llad
1000 - loī̯

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If starts with vowel: Prefix əgl-
Else: Prefix əglei̯-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ʊn̥t
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ə
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -s
Else: Suffix -as
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix klɛ-
Noun to verb = Suffix -aɨ̯n
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -ei̯θ
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -rs
Else: Suffix -ɛrs
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -ɔ
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix ɪ-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ʊɨ̯
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ast
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -g
Else: Suffix -ʊg
Augmentative = Prefix aː-

Writing System

by SeraphRDM

Dictionary

1875 Words.