Biendon, language of the Anorn.
Natively known as: biendon /bjɛ̃ˈdɔ̃/
...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...reu sarse patre blige sorne biu reu blige piurme cleu trige veplorque cleute
Pronunciation: /ʁœ saʁs patʁ bliʒ soʁn bju ʁœ bliʒ pjuʁm klœ tʁiʒ veˈplɔʁk kløt/
Biendon word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned the wind to
Spelling & Phonology
Consonant inventory: b d f g j k l m n p s t v w z ɥ ɲ ʁ ʃ ʒ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||
Stop | p b | t d | k g | ||||
Fricative | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | ʁ | |||
Approximant | j | ||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-palatal | Labial-velar |
---|---|---|
Approximant | ɥ | w |
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | i y | u |
High-mid | e ø | o |
Low-mid | ɛ ɛ̃ œ | ɔ ɔ̃ |
Low | a | ɑ̃ |
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable ? Spelling rules:
Pronunciation | Spelling |
---|---|
e | e*4 | er / _# |
ksj | cti |
ks | xe / _# |
ks | x |
k | que / _# |
kt | ct |
sk | squ |
k | c / !_{i,e,ɛ} |
k | qu |
d | de / _# |
t# | te |
wi | oui |
wɛ̃ | oin |
jɛ̃ | ien |
ɛ̃ | in |
wɑ{a,ɑ} | oi |
ʒ | g / _{i,e,ɛ} |
ʒm | gem |
ɥ | u |
y | u |
j | i |
ʒ | ge / _# |
ʒ | j |
ʃ | che / _# |
ɲ | gn |
∅ | e / CC_# |
v | ve / _# |
ʃ | ch |
ʁ | r | rd | rt / _# |
ʁ | r |
ɔ̃ | on | om / _# |
ɔ̃ | on |
ɔ | o |
ɑ̃ | an |
ɛ | e |
ø | eu |
œ | eu |
w | u |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject Object Verb (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door opened with a key.Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
Nouns
Nouns have seven cases:- Ergative is the doer of a verb, when the verb is done to something: dog bites man.
- Absolutive is used in two scenarios: the doer of a verb when not done to something (dog bites), and the done-to of a verb (man bites dog).
- Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
- Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
- Locative is the location of something: man is in town.
- Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.
- Instrumental is the use of something: man writes with (using) pen.
Ergative | Suffix -i
pouicti /pwikˈti/ dog (doing a transitive verb) |
Absolutive | No affix
pouicte /pwikt/ dog (doing an intransitive verb) |
Genitive | If ends with vowel: Suffix -f
Else: Suffix -ɛf pouictef /pwikˈtɛf/ dogʼs |
Dative | If ends with vowel: Suffix -t
Else: Suffix -at pouictate /pwikˈtat/ to dog |
Locative | Suffix -akt
pouictacte /pwikˈtakt/ near/at/by dog |
Ablative | Suffix -ø
pouicteu /pwikˈtø/ from dog |
Instrumental | If ends with vowel: Suffix -tʁ
Else: Suffix -ɛ̃tʁ pouictintre /pwikˈtɛ̃tʁ/ with/using dog |
Singular | No affix
pouicte /pwikt/ dog |
Plural | Reduplicate whole word
pouictpouicte /pwiktˈpwikt/ dogs |
Articles
Biendon has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.Pronouns
1st singular | 2nd singular | 3rd singular masc | 3rd singular fem | 1st plural | 2nd plural | 3rd plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ergative | suan /sɥɑ̃/ I | va /va/ you | sarse /saʁs/ he, it (masc) | stin /stin/ she, it (fem) | clu /kly/ we | muevre /mwɛvʁ/ you all | trord /tʁoʁ/ they |
Absolutive | trutme /tʁytm/ me | poui /pwi/ you | blige /bliʒ/ his, it (masc) | sin /sɛ̃/ her, it (fem) | cuarne /kɥaʁn/ us | grin /gʁɛ̃/ you all | gre /gʁɛ/ them |
Genitive | ton /tɔ̃/ mine | muobre /mwobʁ/ yours | lebre /lebʁ/ his, its (masc) | spaxte /spakst/ hers, its (fem) | plocte /plɔkt/ ours | cruetre /kʁwetʁ/ yours (pl) | vuan /vwɑ̃/ theirs |
Dative | ma /ma/ to me | vianbre /vjɑ̃bʁ/ to you | piel /pjel/ to his, to it (masc) | trirche /tʁiʁʃ/ to her, to it (fem) | flab /flab/ to us | juatre /ʒɥatʁ/ to you all | fin /fɛ̃/ to them |
Locative | tade /tad/ to me | fra /fʁa/ to you | cruonble /kʁwɔ̃bl/ to his, to it (masc) | gob /gob/ to her, to it (fem) | cuan /kɥɑ̃/ to us | miu /mju/ to you all | cue /kɥɛ/ to them |
Ablative | fa /fa/ from me | zuz /zyz/ from you | cua /kɥa/ from his, from it (masc) | muo /mwo/ from her, from it (fem) | vupre /vupʁ/ from us | iu /ju/ from you all | treu /tʁø/ from them |
Instrumental | mietre /mjɛtʁ/ with/using me | spo /spɔ/ with/using you | flexte /flɛkst/ with/using his, with/using it (masc) | glitre /glitʁ/ with/using her, with/using it (fem) | cuelque /kɥɛlk/ with/using us | jeurque /ʒøʁk/ with/using you all | greu /gʁœ/ with/using them |
Possessive determiners
Possessive | |
---|---|
1st singular | tom /tɔ̃/ my |
2nd singular | muobre /mwobʁ/ your |
3rd singular masc | blige /bliʒ/ his |
3rd singular fem | spaxte /spakst/ her |
1st plural | plocte /plɔkt/ our |
2nd plural | cruetre /kʁwetʁ/ your (pl) |
3rd plural | vuan /vwɑ̃/ their |
Verbs
Present | Past | |
---|---|---|
1st singular | Suffix -a
satria /satʁiˈa/ (I) learn |
Suffix -œg
satrieug /satʁiˈœg/ (I) learned |
2nd singular | If ends with vowel: Suffix -stjɔ̃
Else: Suffix -ɔstjɔ̃ satristion /satʁisˈtjɔ̃/ (you) learn |
Suffix -oʁ
satriord /satʁiˈoʁ/ (you) learned |
3rd singular | If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʁfa
Else: Suffix -ɛʁfa satrirfa /satʁiʁˈfa/ (he/she/it) learns |
Suffix -ø
satrieu /satʁiˈø/ (he/she/it) learned |
1st plural | If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʁn
Else: Suffix -ɔ̃ʁn satrirne /satˈʁiʁn/ (we) learn |
Suffix -ɛ
satrie /satʁiˈɛ/ (we) learned |
2nd plural | If ends with vowel: Suffix -tʁ
Else: Suffix -atʁ satritre /satˈʁitʁ/ (you all) learn |
Suffix -ebl
satrieble /satʁiˈebl/ (you all) learned |
3rd plural | If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʁ
Else: Suffix -iʁ satrird /satˈʁiʁ/ (they) learn |
If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɲa
Else: Suffix -aɲa satrigna /satʁiˈɲa/ (they) learned |
Future | Particle before the verb: glikl -
glicle satri /glikl satˈʁi/ will learn |
Numbers
Biendon has a base-10 number system: 1 - sotre2 - cruonfre
3 - preu
4 - po
5 - mote
6 - tin
7 - suacmo
8 - blelge
9 - rarme
10 - gin
100 - mia
1000 - sonrve
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -kstElse: Suffix -ɑ̃kst
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -o
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ofʁ
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -ɛl
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -bl
Else: Suffix -ɔbl
Noun to verb = Suffix -y
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -o
Tending to = Suffix -eʁs
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -a
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ilk
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -kt
Else: Suffix -ikt
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -a
Diminutive = Suffix -i
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -lm
Else: Suffix -elm
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