Common Duovaren (v0.2)

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d f h j k l m n q r s t w x z ð ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʤ θ

Place→ ↓Manner	Bilabial	Labio- dental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal	m			n
Stop	b			t d			k	q		ʔ
Affricate					ʤ
Fricative		f	θ ð	s z	ʃ		x ɣ		ħ	h
Approximant						j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i iː oː u uː

	Front	Back
High	iː i	u uː
High-mid	e	oː
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
i	iʔ / _V
ʔ	’
θ	th
j	y
ʤ	j
x	kh
ð	dh
ʃ	sh
ɣ	gh
ħ	xh
iː	ï
uː	ü
oː	o
u	u’ / _#
u	u’ / _V
i	i’ / _#
w	h / _#

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb (Prepositional Phrase) Object. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened with a key the door.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.

Verb affixes

Remote past	Suffix -iː dasï /daˈsiː/ learn (long ago)
Past	Suffix -oː daso /daˈsoː/ learned
Present	No affix das /das/ learn
Future	Suffix -a dasa /daˈsa/ will learn
Remote future	Suffix -iw dasih /daˈsiw/ will learn (long from now)
Perfective	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ħ Else: Suffix -eħ dasexh /daˈseħ/ learn
Habitual	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ba Else: Suffix -iːba dasïba /dasiːˈba/ learn (often, habitually)
Progressive	Suffix -um dasum /daˈsum/ be learning
Perfect	Reduplicate first part of first syllable dadas /daˈdas/ have learned

Noun affixes

Singular	No affix mitu’ /miˈtu/ dog
Plural	Prefix siː- sïmitu’ /miːmiˈtu/ dogs

Pronouns

	Singular	Plural
1st person inclusive	n/a	ha /ha/ we, us, ours (including addressee)
1st person exclusive	so /soː/ I, me, mine	al /al/ we, us, ours (excluding addressee)
2nd person	ma /ma/ you, yours	qoy /qoːj/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd person	mïk /miːk/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, they, them, theirs	rï /riː/ they, them, theirs

Numbers

Common Duovaren has a base-20 number system:

1 - tïm
2 - mih
3 - mïh
4 - hik
5 - ba
6 - bob
7 - ïyad
8 - ku’
9 - yeke
10 - wayï
11 - lüh

12 - mom
13 - kuh
14 - yemar
15 - yif
16 - ni’
17 - ya
18 - ja
19 - mï
20 - wa
400 - yïmïnï
8000 - yü

Derivational morphology

Adjective / adverb → verb = u(')- /u(ʔ)/
Noun → verb = uk- /uk/
Adjective / adverb → noun = za(')- /za(ʔ)/
Verb → noun = zï- /ziː/
Noun / verb → adjective = h(a)- /ha/
Adverb → adjective = tha- /θa/
Noun / verb → adverb = h(u)- /h(u)/
Adjective → adverb = j(u)- /y(u)/

One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) =
Prefix k(u)- /k(u)/
One who is [verb]ed (e.g. employ → employee) =
Prefix q(a)- /q(a)/
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = o- /oː/
Tending to = Prefix wï- /wiː/
Diminutive = Prefix ü- /uː/
Augmentative = Prefix yü- /juː/
Opposite/Negation = Prefix tü(t)- /tuː(t)/

Dictionary

3036 Words.

Spoken by

• Gran'Duovari

Common Phrases

Yetu’!

Hello!

Tïh kï ma?

How are you?

So kuk mequ’at.

I am well.

Ma sït ne?

What are you doing?

Zïkïlu’ na zïxhit.

Please and thank you.
(lit. "pleasure and gratitude")