Codex Riccardium - A Primer on the Moths of Yamato

Now as you read the title of this chapter, you may think to yourself: what an odd topic to write about in a work of magical history and magical theory. Why not go ahead and write about dogs, swans, bayô, or other non-magical creatures? Well, your question, dear reader, may be slightly mistaken in this case, for while most moths of the Yamato Mountain Range are quite mundane (though fascinating to say the least), there is one incredibly rare breed that has been artificially created using the secret art of technamagix. Indeed I am speaking of the most elusive dragon moth, called ryû-ga 竜蛾 in its homeland. These fantastic beasts can outgrow even the gargantuan sensô-ga 戦争蛾 ("war moth") that grow nearly as tall as mammoths, but more on those later. Using their magically augmented technology, the Greenhorns, then known as Ryoku'u 緑笛, who were famous for breeding and riding sensô-ga, enhanced and manipulated the form of these formidable moths even further to create the biologically immortal, humongous ryû-ga for use as war beasts meant to grow the might of the Yamato Kingdom.

So you see, dear reader, this chapter, while not very heavy on magical history and magical theory, will serve as a small but relevant primer on the biology of Yamato moths, so that we may be well equipped to examine the earliest applications of that most elusive of branches of magical research: technamagix.

To see the influence of technamagix on the ryû-ga, first an understanding of the anatomy and ecology of the genus Insecta Lepidoptera Yamatonis, or more commonly: "Yamato moth", is required. And luckily, I was able to acquire a truly rare document just recently: The Yamato-Ga-Daijiten 大和蛾大事典 ("The Great Encyclopedia of Yamato's Moths"), fully furnished with extensive though archaic scientific observations, diagrams, and hand-drawn images; a true pleasure to share.

- a 143 GE (Age of Gears and Elements) reprint of the Yamato-Ga-Daijiten, woodblock print with elaborate Middlish binding.

I realize that the questionable complexity of Yamato characters has led to quite a few of my peers being what Yamato folk call "illiterate", though certainly the simplicity of the Middlish alphabet is far superior as a tool for distributing information, so to uphold the scientific spirit, I will assume that readers of this codex generally have trouble understanding Yamato characters and make sure to translate them to the best of my ability, as I have done so far already.

Moths and the Yamato Culture

Now, I will present an overview of the domestication and exploitation of Lepidopter Yamatonis for resources by the Yamato people and their ancestors in an upcoming section, but before I get to that, and indeed before I begin the analysis of the moths' biological and ecological traits, a part of this chapter should be set aside to, in the briefest of terms, discuss their influence on the culture of the Yamato people.

As a scholar, not only of magic and the sciences, I, Rickard Leeuw, have spent many years in the Yamato Mountain Range, experiencing the intricate culture of its people and researching the fascinating flora and fauna of its slopes, sheers, caves, and valley. Rarely have I seen such an abundant treasure trove of nature, and among the many bounties it has to offer, few are as curious as the great moths of Yamato. Indeed, one may argue that the very roots of the Yamato people are so deeply entwined with these creatures that there is no separating them anymore and discussing one means discussing the other as well.

In my experiences with Yamato culture, I have time and time again heard wondrous tales spun around encounters with moths, beautiful poetry and enchanting song. In fact, in the popular art of renku 連句 (linked verse), in which a set number of haiku 俳句 (single verse poems with a set number of phonetic syllables) are joined together into one poem, usually with each verse originating from a different author, traditional themes are the four seasons, the five elements, and the moths of Yamato, and renku rarely ommit the last one, likely because the intense scent of the gentle and docile murasaki-ga's 紫蛾 ("purple moth") moth dust is strongly associated with spring, and the deadly spectre that is the yarenma-ga 夜連魔蛾 ("night carrier spirit moth") is usually associated with winter, death, decay, and sleep.

As this is my codex and I have no editorial obligation other than to stick to what is true or at least what is plausible, I shall take the liberty to share a number of poems and short stories that, in my humble opinion, convey some of the concepts and ideas the Yamato people have attached to the moths to better convey the extreme cultural significance they hold. You may shirk such practices should you be very scientifically minded, but if you do, dear reader, I caution you to always keep your horizon as broad as possible and never to shun the arts, for as we are beings with ambition, with hopes, and dreams, in short: beings with souls, artistic expression will always be a drive that encourages us to move forward, even scientifically. I have no doubt that the deep cultural significance of the moths was what first inspired the Ryoku'u, now known as Greenhorns, to perform their technamagical experiments on them, creating the mighty ryû-ga, which in the end is the subject I wish to prepare you for with this intermediary chapter.

Among the many songs about the moths of Yamato, I feel compelled to first share the same-named song "The Moths of Yamato", which was translated into the common Middlish tongue (with some liberties) in 60 AA (Age of Awakening) by the fabled Mad Magus Hestia. A lovely contribution, though perhaps less than adequate to compensate for certain other actions she performed in her later life, but I digress. The translated version of the song goes as such:

Flow in wily winds,
As steady as dust will glitter on
And wings that flap along
Are dancing to this song.

Patterns in ashen tint:
Times sun, times moon may fall in line
And gather powdered souls of mine
And build a golden shrine.

— Yamato no Ga 大和の蛾 by Hôin Jirô - translation: "The Moths of Yamato" by Hestia Bygate

While there is much to unpack here on a literary level, I will content myself to pointing out the duality of the murasaki moth and the yarenma moth depicted in this song: the winds are wily but conversely also steady because the theme of moth dust it is attached to can both apply to the sweet aroma of murasaki moth dust and the deadly narcotic property of yarenma moth dust. The duality of the beauty and danger of Yamato moths is a central theme of not only this song but many others and is tied deeply into the perception of the Yamato Mountain Range, which offers breathtaking but often treacherous terrain. The association of murasaki moths with the sun or day time and yarenma moths with the moon or night time is a common theme in Yamato literature and poetry, and both sides can be symbolic for each other (yarenma moths for the moon, the moon for yarenma moths, and so on).

The golden shrine is sometimes thematized and comes from an ancient tale called "Yanagi no Ôkoku" 柳の王国 ("The Willow Kingdom"). In his seminal work "A Comparative Study of Yamato Folklore", Hans Walger presents a summarized version of the story, short enough to present here:

When the descendants of the Kokusei¹

The Kokusei, short for Kokuyôsei 黒妖精 ("Black Elves"), are known as Swartalben in the Middlish tongue and were one of the races of men that lived in the Nine Realms before the War that Reshaped the World.

traveled further and further east, they found before themselves a majestic mountain range, full of strange wonders and treasures. Their greatest chief Glam Shen bade them to scale the mountainside and find out what was on the other side, for his people had become nomads of the land, moving here and there, never staying in one place, even though his ancestors had once built great halls in the mountains of Swartalbaheim of the Nine Realms. Glam Shen had the gift of vision, and he saw in these mountains a new home for his people, and so he scaled them with great determination. As he traveled through the lush forests of the slopes, he found delicious round fruits with a thin, yellow rind and a sweet, juicy core growing on trees everywhere, and he named it nantama, and its nourishing flesh allowed his clan to roam the mountain range far and wide. As they climed the tall peaks, they found the great valley, protected by mountains to all sides, and they called this land Yamato.

And on the slopes and sheers of the Yamato Mountain Range, Glam Shen discovered the strange creatures that we call murasaki moths today. Sweet was the scent they spread throughout the land, tufty and bright purple was their moth fur. His tribe quickly took to hunting the creatures, migrating through the edges of the valley, also making sport of goats and bayô, the horned goat horses of the Yamato Valley. As they traveled along the slopes and cliffs, they rediscovered their ancestors' great talent for mining and working metals, and they found many treasures hidden in the mountains, including a most precious yellow metal that gleamed beautifully: gold.

"What a wondrous treasure! Surely this gleaming metal is the stuff from which the wheels of the Daihô²

The Daihô 大法 ("Great Law"), also known as Dharma in the Seventeen Yonder Islands and as the Great Clockwork in the Middle Lands, is what the Yamato people call the basic truths of the universe or the nature of the clockwork.

are forged..." Glam Shen spoke. "We shall mine it and sell it to the Midgardmen, who built houses of stone and till fields in the earth, for surely they will covet it. And with their help we will carve out our own kingdom here!"

And he would have his men mine great quantities of gold and bring them to the Middle Lands where he convinced all the descendants of the Kokusei to join his new kingdom and bought manpower and technology from the Middlish men to support the founding. It did not take long for the people of Glam Shen to build houses of stone and wood themselves and till fields in the fertile valley. And they caught many goats and bayô and murasaki moths and held them in pans and fields, harvesting their milk, horn, flesh, and fur, and in time also the swamp gas that the moths carry in their bellies for lamps. Soon the new kingdom named Yamato was prosperous beyond ken.

But in his latter days, Glam Shen became restless and spoke of spirits of the valley that he had angered. He wandered for many hours each night and his subjects knew not where he went, only that he was somewhere in the thicket of willows by the mountainside. Some began to jest that he was going to treat with the Willow King, but their mockery was short lived for one morning after being gone for many days, he returned from the woods and his hair had become as white as winter snow, and his eyes glowed blue like sapphires with fire behind them. His people feared his new form, and he bade them to gather much gold and wood and to climb to the tallest peak and erect a great shrine in honor of the Daihô and clad it in golden plates, so it would glimmer and throw the sun's light far and wide for all to see. Glam Shen had become the world's first Yasha³

This statement is actually apocryphal since the Angel Smiths have suffered from spellblight since before the War that Reshaped the World. The misunderstanding is based on the fact that for the longest time, people were under the impression that that was just coincidentally a natural look for their kind.

.

The construction took many decades, and many people died during the project, but in the end the golden shrine was completed, and he named it Dairintaisha 大輪大社 ("Grand Shrine of the Great Wheel") and proclaimed that on the first day of the year, the king was to visit the shrine and pay homage to the Daihô, and so he did and his successors as well. The Shrine was struck by lightning ten times on occasions during which he visited it, and despite taking severe damage and requiring serious repairs that were perilous and expensive, Glam Shen himself was never harmed, and many rumors and terrible stories spread that he had made a contract with the Willow King, selling his soul to the Willow Kingdom, which had turned his hair white and his eyes blue and forced him to have the shrine built. But for what he had paid this price none knew, though everyone speculated much on it. When he died, no King after him dared to ommit the annual shrine visit, fearing some unknown contract with the spirits may be broken on that day, and the custom continued for many centuries.

— Hans Walger in "A Comparative Study of Yamato Folklore", original story from an unknown source

While this tale superficially does not seem to have much to do with the moths of Yamato themselves, it is actually one of the oldest stories of the Yamato people, and over the course of millenia it has been modified and amended many times via oral tradition. This is significant because throughout the ages, the role of moths in the tale of the Willow Kingdom has grown more and more. These days common Yamato folk generally think that the Willow King was the first Yarenma moth and influenced King Glam Shen by giving him terrible dreams that twisted his mind. Additionally, many more tales arose from this one like the one of the clever prince Yanagi Hôtaru, who tied one hundred and six murasaki moths together with string to carry him up to the Dairintaisha shrine on new years day but then got blown away in a storm because he had angered the spirits with his disrespect.

Beyond storytelling, song, and poetry, moths have also been a common motif of Yamato artists, and moth motifs are very common in family crests and clothing designs. An example is this retroprint of a grain brush drawing of a young yamato girl in a yukata 浴衣 ("Bathrobe") with murasaki moth patterns on the collar and sleeves, a traditional wear for summer festivals. Another example is the crest of the current imperial family, a triangle of the Three Treasures of Yamato containing three purple moth wings.

But enough about the cultural and artistic aspirations and roots of the Yamato people. It is time to crack open the Yamato-Ga-Daijiten, which I will from here on abbreviate to YGD. I think you will find the drawings, that are in part almost two millenia old, quite titillating, for the impressive insight they already yielded about moth anatomy boggles the mind, considering how long ago they were made. Without doubt, much disection and careful study was involved in the process of uncovering the moths' secrets, and tools still considered cutting-edge at the time but archaic by today's standards surely came into play back then.

Basic Information

Anatomy

The genus Insecta Lepidoptera Yamatonis can trace its lineage back to the Lepidopter Yamatonis Murasakis Progenius. As the name may already suggest, the "original Yamato moth" was most closely related to the so-called murasaki moth today, though all Yamato moths share an almost identical genom (according to old records of the Unified Ocean Belt Technocracy) despite their significant differences in size and apperance.

From the three moth sub-species, murasaki-ga, yarenma-ga, and sensô-ga, murasaki-ga is therefore the oldest archetype. Both yarenma-ga and sensô-ga are mutations that were directly caused by human influence over the previous millenia; one accidentally, one through breeding. The YGD offers many detailed drawings of all three types of moths, which is quite fortunate since sensô-ga are under urgent species protection by the Yamato Kingdom and yarenma-ga are so dangerous that the perils of field research are quite discouraging to most sane individuals. Though very different in morphology, the basic anatomy of Yamato moths is very similar:

• All three types have the same kind of light-weight, crab-like insect musculature.
• All three have similar types of hemolymph distributed by a sort of vascular system and pumped by a heart-like muscle, which most resembles the blood-system of a fish.
• All three have intricate book lungs^{(see: Sidebar > Useful Information)} attached to the inner part of the underside of their wind sacks.
• All three have similar wing structures.
• While differing in number and structure somewhat, the extremities of all three use chitin exo-skeletons.
• All three share a number of sensory and internal organs.

Now, at this point it comes to mind that I may have been less than consistent in my naming of these creatures - is it murasaki-ga, or murasaki moth? Well, the answer is both; ga 蛾, as you most likely know, simply means moth. I realize that I should probably just stick to writing moth instead, but when speaking, most people studying moth lore have the tendency of saying "murasaki moth", "yarenma", and "sensô-ga". This is likely due to "murasaki moth" rolling better off the tongue than "murasaki-ga" while the opposite is true for "sensô-ga" as opposed to "sensô moth", which is somewhat like saying "war creature" instead of "war-beast". As for "yarenma", well this one is again related to Yamato culture, because Yamato people will usually not say "yarenma-ga" but just "yarenma". This comes from the creature being more of a bad spirit or demon than an animal in the populus's mind. To maintain a modicum of consistency, I will call all moths by the same naming convention within each paragraph.

Moth Organ Commonalities

Many organs of Lepidopter Yamatonis are in their construction and function very similar between the three types. The YGD offers the following depictions of moth organs:

Gayoku 蛾翼 ("Moth Wings")

The title of the drawing reads "moth wing". The butterfly-like wing of the moths appears in skewed versions of this "ideal" wing design, varying from moth type to moth type and between genders within types. Each wing has extremely tough but light-weight chitin struts, titled "zunogane senjô" 角金繊条 ("Horn-Metal Filament").

The filament structure of the chitin is actually shown in the sketch and is relatively representative, albeit crude, of the actual structure of the material. Modern research has shown that each protein filament is arranged as a nano tube encased in more filaments, creating an incredibly durable biomaterial.

When the moths are at rest in windless areas such as caves, they sometimes slowly move their wings up and down to fan air into their book lungs.

Fudai 風袋 ("Wind Sack")

The title of the drawing reads "wind sack". These so-called wind sacks or, as I like to call them, "floating fins" have thin, leathery, chitin fibril skin, which grows out of the chitin struts making up their framing. The struts are segmented exo-skeletons containing light-weight insect muscle that allows the moths to slightly alter the shape, tilt, and folding of the floating fins. Where they stick to the body, they are connected with a sort of insectoid joint that allows for them to be folded onto the side of the body if the creature needs to descend more quickly. Usually, however, the fins lock into place, and dives like that are dangerous to the moth since it needs the fins for two major functions:

1. Catching the wind (hence the name "wind sack") by significantly increasing the creature's surface area, reducing the energy required to stay aloft, even enabling it to sail without wing flapping if the wind is just right.
2. Breathing. Close to the body, complex book lungs are embedded into the floating fins, acting much like a fish's gills. As the wind ariates the book lungs below the floating fins, air passes through the book-like layers of trachea, oxygenizing the hemolyth of the moth.
The sketch presented here reads from top to bottom: wind sack, gill slits, and book lung.

Funshokkaku 粉触角 ("Dust Antennae")

The title of the drawing reads "dust antennae". The hair-like extensions that protrude from the segmented, chitin-covered antennae of the moth have two very crucial functions. I will talk more about the antennae's significance as a sensory organ in a segment dedicated to the moth's perception of its surroundings. Here I will speak to the function actually described in the YGD, which did not realize the secondary function of the organ.

The dust antennae, as I previously stated, have many hair-like extensions protruding from them. The sketch of the YGD describes these as funbenmô 粉鞭毛 ("dust flagella"), a logical naming convention as the flagella are capable of slight motion in addition to the antennae's mobility. A second close-up sketch of a single flagellum shows that it is completely covered in pores that can release large quantities of moth dust. The composition of the dust depends on the type and gender of the moth. The famous murasaki moth dust smell coveted by the Yamato people is actually produced by the male murasaki moth, whereas the female dust is less fragrant to the human nose. The yarenma moth dust, of course, while still serving as an attractant for mates (just as for all Lepidoptera Yamatonis), is also a powerful narcotic and extremely dangerous to inhale for any mammals.

Fubuku 浮腹 ("Floating Belly")

The title of the drawing reads "floating belly" and is used to describe both the abdomen of the insect that contains the organ and the organ itself. The floating belly is a stomach-like bladder, attached to an esophagus and fitted with a valve.

The sketch reads (starting with the title on the top left and going clock-wise from there): floating belly, floating belly lining, swamp gas, swamp gas germ fluid, escape sphincter, insect fluid system, insect skin, esophagus.

The esophagus transports biomass into the floating belly, where the "swamp gas germ fluid", a sub-species of archaea^{(see: Sidebar > Useful Information)} organisms, digests it to provide energy to the body, producing large quantities of methane gas as a side product. This gas bloats the floating belly, allowing the moth to maintain a large abdomen with a comparably low density. This has allowed the moths to grow considerably larger without being grounded by the square-cube law since the larger size makes it easier to be carried by the wind and also deter predators. Contrary to the original belief of the YGD's author, the methane does not provide any considerable lift (a few grams worth at best), so the name "floating belly" is somewhat apocryphal.

The so-called "escape sphincter" is connected to a tube-like growth that in turn connects to the floating belly and a second sphincter. Through this, methane can escape in case too much pressure builds up, though the floating belly is extremely tough and flexible and can expand to many times its deflated size. The murasaki moths use this sphincter to release methane blasts that can propel them upwards quickly, a useful escape mechanism. Humans have also domesticated murasaki moths for, among other things, extracting their gas, which is used in gas lamps and alchemy (for more on this see the segment on domestication and exploitation). In yarenma moths, this has evolved into a vent that blows over its antennae to promote dust dispersal, and sensô moths only use their escape sphincters to regulate methane pressure in their bodies and expell undigestable matter.

Woodblock print of a Gikitô 蛾気灯 ("moth gas lamp"), ca. 43 AH (Age of Heroes)

An additional sketch of the moths' eyes is included in the YGD, but I will attach that one to the upcoming section on the perceptory organs of Lepidopter Yamatonis.

For now I shall move on to the morphology of the different types of this fascinating species.

Comparative Morphology

The different types of Lepidopter Yamatonis, namely murasaki-ga, yarenma-ga, and sensô-ga, have somewhat varying morphology, starting with their notable differences in size. The following size comparison chart should prove more than helpful, as in addition to a scale it also shows a silhouette of an average human man next to the different types of moths, better highlighting their actual sizes:

From smallest to largest creature, the lables on this chart read: murasaki-ga, human, yarenma-ga, and sensô-ga. As seen here, the size of the common murasaki-ga is comparable to that of a small dog, the yarenma-ga to a fairly large human, and the sensô-ga to a female mammoth. These, of course, are average sizes for the species, and moths can grow considerably larger or smaller than this in specific instances.

Morphology of the Murasaki Moth

From the top-left-most lable of the main image, the descriptions of the murasaki moth's morphology in this YGD drawing read (going clock-wise from there):

Compound eyes, bug antennae, great wind sacks, great wings, small wind sacks, maneuvering fins, small wings, floating belly, mooring claw, mouth, moth proboscis.

The mooring claw of the murasaki moth is used to tether itself to the ground when eating shishisô 四指草 ("Four-fingered Grass") (see also: the segment on dietary needs & habits) or similar food that potentially exposes it to wind, as it would be blown away otherwise. They also use it to tether themselves to cave walls at night.

The prominent proboscis is used to stroke the fur of the shishisô, and loosen it out of its compacted form to consume.

Because of the comparatively large size of the floating belly, the surface-to-density ratio of the moth is so favorable that very little energy is required to fly, especially if even soft wind is blowing. The wings are often used more to steer than to lift. Because the creature does not possess a spinal cord, its range of body movement is limited and it instead turns its whole body using aerial maneuvering.

The two smaller pictures show the measurements of the average murasaki moth. These are given in imperial units: shaku 尺 (approximately 0.30 meters) and sun 寸 (one tenth of a shaku). By this reckoning, the measures of the murasaki moth using the Altonar metric system are as follows:

36cm small wing span, 51cm great wing span, 36cm body length including fins, 18cm body height without mooring claw, 30cm shoulder height with mooring claw (implying an approximate arm length of ca. 12cm).

A note here: the Yamato characters on the two small sketches simply indicate that the top one is a top view of the animal, the bottom one a front view of the animal.

Morphology of the Yarenma Moth

The morphology of the yarenma moth varies significantly from that of its smaller murasaki moth brethren. It is much larger and possesses a total of two floating bellies, a configuration shared by the sensô-ga. This second floating belly actually does exist in the murasaki moth as a deflated proto-organ that was likely a back-up floating belly in the ancestor Lepidopter Yamatonis Murasakis Protogenius, which in time turned into an unused appendix in modern day murasaki moths.

But before I go into more detail, let us discuss the question: why is the yarenma moth so different from its cousin in appearance? Well, the answer to that is connected to the Willow Kingdom story. When the tribes of the Kokusei's descendants traveled through the Yamato Mountain Range, ever prospering, they nearly hunted the murasaki moths into extinction. These were relatively peaceful and passive, not having any natural enemies, which made them easy prey for the humans. Over several thousand years, random mutations to their genome lead to their adaptation into the form we know as yarenma moth today.

The reproduction of those moths who were best suited to repell humans was fostered by this, and the traits became more and more pronounced over a long period of time: additional and larger antennae for keener senses and the vaporization of heavy concentrations of moth dust, which itself mutated first to cause nausea in mammals, then to induce sleep and coma; relocation of the escape sphincter to aid dust dispersal, evolution of the mooring claw into two small arms with filigrane hands able of plucking nantama fruit, the higher nutritional value of which aided the increased body size, and lastly a mouth ringed with flagella, that can move freely and serve as haptic sensory organs, and a long, barbed tongue, both capable of licking through the slightly tough skin of the nantama fruit and of gouging flesh out of comatized victims of the moth dust. Over the course of four centuries, this type of Lepidopter Yamatonis became so deadly to humans that they were able to thrive in several cave regions of the great Yamato Mountain Range.

Now, the main drawing of Yarenma moth morphology in the YGD reads as follows (starting with the center lable above the abdomen and moving on clock-wise):

Hind floating belly, dust antennae, central floating belly, hind small wings, flagella mouth, compound eyes, hands, bug bone arm, central small wings, great wings, great wind sack.
The first size chart contains the additional body part lable for the small wind bag.

In total, the yarenma moth possesses four hind small wings, two central small wings, two great wings, one set of great floating fins, one set of small floating fins, two arms, two hands with four fingers each, one central and four lateral compound eyes, six antennae on its head and four on the back of its hind floating belly, two large, segmented floating bellies, and a mouth opening with haptic flagella around it.

The size measurements given translate as follows:

A body height of 90cm, a small wing and small floating fin span of 176cm, 212cm great wing span, 200cm body length, 193cm great floating fin span, 81cm small floating fin width, 103cm great floating fin width, and 81cm arm length.

Morphology of the Sensô Moth

The sensô moth is the prototype of the much larger ryû moth which I will discuss at length in the following chapter. Interestingly, this type of Lepidopter Yamatonis is, like the yarenma moth, a product of human influence. However, its significant differences to the regular murasaki moth were cultivated using selective breeding to increase size; but more on that in upcoming segments about domestication and species exploitation.

For now, let us focus on the general morphology of this type of moth. For one, the sensô moths are the largest of their kind, coming close to the size of northern mammoths. At the same time, their large floating bellies reduce their overall density-to-volume ratio to such low levels that they weigh about as much as a grown human man. This means that the ancient moth riders that rode sensô moths into battle during the Age of Heroes generally had to be small and slim to not overburden their mounts, though sensô moths do have quite a bit of capacity for extra weight.

The lables on their morphology drawing read as follows (starting with the outermost left lable and going clock-wise from there):

Hind wings, hind floating belly, wind sack, moth antennae, wind sacks, mouth, compound eyes, moth legs, side wings, forward floating belly.

While the front legs are simple bug-like legs for landing, the hind legs have flat claws that work like the murasaki moth's mooring claw. Both legs have light-weight chitin exo-skeletons and insect muscle inside and can be used to provide initial lift when taking off or to anchor the moth against wind. The antennae are named "moth antennae" instead of the previous "dust antennae", because sensô moth dust barely has any smell and is therefore not so prominent to humans, but it still serves to attract mates.

The measurements of the sensô moth read as such:

400cm general wing span, 285cm frontal floating fin span, 200cm body width, 209cm body height, 179cm hind floating belly height, 206cm hind wing width, 97cm floating fin length, 91cm floating fin width, 91cm forward floating belly length, 106cm mid segment plus hind floating belly length, 248cm side wing width, 60cm leg height, 91cm head length and 60cm head height.

Biological Traits

Male and Female Murasaki Moths

• Male
• Slightly larger.
• Much more fragrant moth dust.

• Female
• More vibrant wing patterns.
• Slightly thicker fur.

Male and Female Yarenma Moths

• Male
• Slightly smaller.
• More potent narcotic dust.
• More aggressive

• Female
• More vibrant wing and abdominal patterns.
• Slightly larger.

Male and Female Sensô Moths

• Male
• More complex abdominal patterns.
• Stronger wings.

• Female
• More vibrant wing patterns.
• Thicker fur

Genetics and Reproduction

The reproduction of moths is mostly the same for all three types:

The moth dust spread by their antennae attracts the mate. The more fragrant dust is generally spread by the male as it tries to attract the female, and its bright coloring is meant to entice it. Once male and female moth come closer, they dance around each other and draw closer.

The steps that follow next are sketched out in the YGD as shown in this drawing: the upper text block reads:

The female becomes pregnant once the antennae touch

In addition to their regular functions, the antennae also serve as a sexual organ and can produce a special variety of moth dust at times that carry the male's genetic material. This passes through membranes in the female's antennae and mixes with her own genes. Naturally, the text in the YGD is not that biologically specific since the concept of ribogenetics was not known at the time, except perhaps to the inventors of that branch of science themselves (I speak of course of the Greenhorns).

Once the female has been impregnated, egg sacks begin to form near her escape sphincter in her floating belly. Two to seven sacks form, each containing up to twenty eggs. The text on the sketch reads:

The eggs are raised by the escape sphincter of the floating belly.

Once the eggs are ready, they begin to clog the escape sphincter and the mother flees to a cave to birth them. The process is explained in the YGD as follows (seen on the sketch here):

At the time of birth, the pressure of the swamp gas is utilized to send the eggs flying from the escape sphincter. The surviving eggs will grow up as caterpillars.

The moth caterpillars are usually kept in their birth cave, where the moths that share the living space will regularly stockpile food (usually nantama fruit flesh or shishisô fur), which is then consumed by the caterpillars that litter the floor. Birds will venture into the caves and sometimes succeed at snatching them up, but usually the moths use their mooring claws to chase them away (or in the case of yarenma moths just their narcotic dust, after which the birds become food in turn).

Once the caterpillars have eaten enough, the floating belly forms first, until they float to the ceiling of the cave, where they form a cocoon to metamorph in. During this process, the floating belly remains unchanged and attached to the cocoon, until the developing moth grows around it.

Growth Rate & Stages

While caterpillars of the genus Lepidoptera Yamatonis grow to formidable size, they do not usually exceed more than twenty to twenty-five centimeters in length, and up to half of their mass is lost during their metamorphosis, which usually begins around two lunar cycles after their hatching. Once emerged from the cocoon, another half cycle later, they will still have grown a little in volume due to the absorption of their floating belly into their physique but will be much lighter than before. They will also continue to grow for some time. From metamorphosis to full size, the growth times for Yamato moths are roughly such (or so the moth expert Hatabira Genji has assured me during the frequent correspondence we have kept in recent years. He is actually the one who procured this copy of the YGD for me and deserves much of the credit for this chapter.):

• Murasaki moths → about four lunar cycles
• Yarenma moths → about one-point-two years
• Sensô moths → about three years

As they approach their full size, their thick moth fur becomes more lustrous and begins to develop intricate, colorful patterns, which are often similar, though nonetheless unique, and depend in part on their diet. A poorly fed moth will likely have an less impressive coat, hurting its chances at mating.
Because the color perception of murasaki and sensô moths is limited, the shape of their patterns is more important for mate selection, while bright colors have a strong effect on yarenma moths, who have color perception that may actually surpass that of most humans.

Ecology and Habitats

Murasaki moths usually live at slopes and steep mountain sides where shishisô grows but will normally require a cave in the vicinity to reproduce. When they eat the shishisô, the tiny seeds are difficult to digest and are often expelled through their escape sphincter, causing the four-fingered grass to spread far and wide.

Yarenma moths live in caves and only come out at night. The reason for this is that the narcotic molecules in their moth dust are quickly denatured by UV radiation, thus they stay in dark places during the day where their defense remains effective. When outside their caves, the landscape will likely be that of a forest or grove containing the widely spread nantama trees of the Yamato Mountain Range. When they eat the fruit, the seed doesn't leave their floating belly intact and is largely digested and tourned into nourishment and methane, however, some seeds tend to catch in the flagella around their mouth hole and later scatter around the ground, which further proliferates the nantama fruit throughout their habitat.

There is no information about the natural habitats of the sensô moth in the YGD, which is, of course, only natural, since they did not have one, being domesticated creatures created through extensive breeding. However, since the YGD was written, sensô moths managed to spread into the wild in two locations, though in very small populations. They tend to live in groves with large trees, of which they eat the leaves.

Dietary Needs and Habits

A picture of shishisô 四指草 ("Four-fingered Grass")

A nantama-mi 楠玉果 ("nantama fruit / camphor's treasure").

Biological Cycle

This picture of the seasonal eating habits of Yamato moths is arranged as such: Top left → winter 冬, top right → spring 春, bottom right → summer 夏, bottom left → autumn 秋.

Each season is divided into the three moth types; going clockwise: sensô moth, yarenma moth, murasaki moth. The foods displayed are (starting from top center): feed for domesticated moths, various bird species of the Yamato Mountain Range, various mountain flowers, feed, nantama fruit, shishisô, feed, nantama fruit, shishisô, feed, goats and mountain lions.

Murasaki moths are most active in summer and fall when shishisô is most readily available. In winter, they retreat into caves and cling to cave walls with their mooring claw, beginning their hibernation cycle. During this time, the archaea bacteria rich fluid in their floating bellies that is responsible for methane production congeals, rendering the bacteria inert, while small glands in the organ's lining release a different bacterium that slowly converts the stored methane into energy to survive the winter. Before beginning the hibernation, the moth colony sharing the cave will gather a small store of shishisô fur so they can consume it in spring to build their methane bubble back up. In spring they switch their diet to mountain flowers. The rich nectar of the flowers is used to produce their fragrant moth dust used to attract mates, which is probably the reason the smell is so strongly associated with spring by humans. Personally, I have found the odor to be quite envigorating, reminding me of the bracing effect of mint or oxigen-rich, cold air, though the smell itself is less minty and more reminiscent of flowers and freshly cut grass.

The yarenma moths, on the other hand, are active during the entire year. They leave their caves less often in winter and become notably more predatory. Though they, too, create a small storage of nantama during autumn, it usually isn't enough to last them through the entire winter, which leads to them flying out of their caves at night to shower unsuspecting larger mammals, often mountain tigers or goats, with their narcotic moth dust; then slowly dragging them back to their cave where they can be slowly fed upon by the colony. Because of the extreme efficiency of the archaea bacteria rich fluid all Yamato moths use for digestion and methane production, they can eat the meat even after it begins to rot without repercussions. However, they tend to put the carcasses of their prey out to freeze if the air grows cold enough to preserve them. Due to their severely barbed, long tongues, they can easily lick even frozen flesh off the bones of their meal. In spring, too, they rely more on meat than plant matter. Only in summer, when the first crop of nantama fruit is ready, do they switch back to primarily eating the nourishing yellow orb that usually grows near their lairs.

Sensô moths are least affected by the change of the seasons due to their existence as artificially bred creatures. They grow more lethargic in winter as their metabolism slows down, which is a remnant of their murasaki moth ancestors, a quality that wasn't bred out of them as their reduced food intake was beneficial for their keepers.

Additional Information

Domestication

Murasaki Moths Everywhere

Almost no animal is as beloved in the Yamato Kingdom as the murasaki moth, which was declared the national animal in 920 GE. The creature was first domesticated when the Yamato people began to settle down in the Yamato Valley. Transitioning from a nomadic lifestyle to a sedentary one around 4150 FA, attempts at domestication of murasaki moths were undertaken sporadically but took several years to actually work.

Today there are two kinds of domesticated murasaki moths: murasaki moths as pets, and murasaki moths as livestock.

Murasaki Moths as Pets
The gentle murasaki moth is so passive and docile that the Yamato people have grown accustom to keeping them as pets. Their thick, soft fur makes them rather cuddly, and their bright colors are beautiful to behold. Children are often very fond of family moths, and there are regular beauty contests between moth enthusiasts in the Kingdom, where the fur patterns and other aspects are compared and rated. Many tools for moth care have been developed and are sold in any larger city of the Yamato Mountain Range.

A moth care set, ca. 230 GE. From top to bottom, the lables read: teihakutsume-ma 停泊爪磨 ("mooring claw file"), enyu 艶油 ("luster cream"), en'genade 艶毛撫 ("luster brush"), ga'te-irebako 蛾手入れ箱 ("moth care set") - note: the box has the character "moth" inlaid in golden color, kesen 毛染 ("fur dye"), kenade 毛撫 ("fur brush").

The luster cream is worked into the fur using a soft luster brush, which makes the moth's body and wing patterns shine. A mooring claw file is required to care for the mooring claw, as the moths usually whet it on rocky surfaces in the mountains. Usually, moth owners will dull the claws as much as possible so the moths cannot accidentally hurt anyone. An expensive moth care set is also considered a status symbol as I have learned during my time in the Yamato Kingdom, where wealthy families will casually display both their well-groomed moths and the intricate moth care set boxes, inlaid with gold and gems. I have also been told that regular brushing keeps the moth dust out of the fur, which can dull its sheen, and that the moths enjoy the brushing sensation, sometimes nuzzling the person taking care of them.

Uses, Products & Exploitation

Everywhere.

Murasaki Moths as Livestock
The moths have been kept and bred as livestook for millenia, which has pronounced some traits in their domesticated versions. Their fur is thicker and suited for sheering to make cloth, their metabolisms are slightly faster than their wild counterparts, which allows for more steady siphoning of methane gas from their floating bellies, a substance utilized for gas lamps. Murasaki moth arm flesh and floating belly lining are also ingredients for popular dishes in the Yamato Mountain Range, and moth dust, antennae, claw powder, and wing strut powder are used in some Yamato remedies. The moth dust is also prepared chemically as a powdered flavoring for tea and some dishes.

The Mighty Sensô Moth

Despite its name, the sensô moth, a special type of moth that was selectively bred from murasaki moths, was not initially intended as a war beast. The moths were grown larger and larger to yield more fur and gas and potentially more meat, though that last one did not work out in any significant manner.

In time the moths were utilized as mounts, though not for combat but to deliver messages and sometimes passengers throughout the difficult terrain of the Yamato Mountain Range and rarely to the Middle Lands. Only during the Age of Heroes did the Greenhorns train and enhance their sensô moths to serve as aerial mounts in combat. The warriors would fly above the enemy troops and shoot with firesticks, drop explosive payloads, or jump from a deadly height, using a Greenhornish Megalance, a terrifying technamagic weapon that could gut an entire army troop in half if employed successfully.

Sadly, the large, methane-filled floating bellies of the moths proved to be susceptible to high tier lightning magic, which the Angel smiths began to work into their magical weapons more and more frequently, and the sensô moths were nearly driven into extinction by relentless attacks and extermination campaigns by the Old Gods and their subjects.

Today only one family in the Yamato Kingdom still keeps sensô moths, and the secrets of their care are tied into their iemoto 家元 ("The system by which the secrets of an art are passed along within a family or clan, passing from leader to leader").

Taming Demons

The terrifying yarenma moth seems like a very unlikely candidate for domestication or even hunt since it specifically adapted to repel humans, comatizing them with their moth dust if they come too close and then eating them alive. Naturally, one may think that all these monstrous creatures have to offer are nightmares, but the matter of the fact is that narcotics have had many uses throughout the ages, and as such the yarenma moth dust is actually a highly valued commodity.

The substance is highly regulated in the Yamato Kingdom and unlicensed hunters that try to collect Yarenma moth dust, a perilous undertaking that yields high casualty rates, are ruthlessly persecuted.

The crux of the matter is that when compacted into resin, the yarenma moth dust can be used to create a very potent and addictive drug simply called moth dust, which is created and sold by the Black Market, which is rooted in Yamaseki (and previously was in the old capitals). The imperial family has tried fighting this with regulation but has been less than successful so far, the reason being that the dust is also caught and utilized to create many potent medicines, making it easier for criminal activities surrounding it to slip through the cracks.

During the Age of Awakening, yarenma were also sometimes caught in elaborate installations and used to gruesomely execute enemies of the state, who were fitted with wet cloth masks to resist the moth dust long enough for the creature to gouge the flesh from their living bodies using its deadly, barbed tongue. The animals were starved for this purpose. Today, the practice is illegal and no longer being continued officially, but rumors say that the Black Market still has one or two moths stowed away in the Uramachi of Yamaseki (the city behind the city).

To return to a lighter subject: cloth made from yarenma fur is quite beautiful due to its vibrant colors and much coveted in the Yamato Kingdom and beyond, especially since it is an exceedingly rare and expensive commodity, owing to the severe danger of hunting yarenma moths. Only two families in the whole kingdom even know how to work the material properly.

Facial characteristics

Because of their large compound eyes, murasaki moths and sensô moths are often considered to be cute by the Yamato people. The large single eye of the yarenma (in addition to its four lateral eyes), however, is perceived as unsettling, not only because of the deeply ingrained fear of the creature itself but also because of the strange flagella covered mouth, which conceals a terrifying, barbed tongue that can lick off living flesh. In fact, being licked to death by yarenma was allegedly once a form of capital punishment in the Yamato Kingdom.

Geographic Origin and Distribution

The following map of the Yamato Mountain Range is also a part of the Yamato-Ga-Daijiten 大和蛾大事典 ("The Great Encyclopedia of Yamato's Moths") and shows the habitats of murasaki moths, yarenma moths, and sensô-ga in the Yamato Mountain Range. Murasaki moths are indicated as pink, yarenma moths as purple, and sensô-ga as green; I have taken the liberty of adding corresponding illustrations. While the murasaki moth is spread throughout the entire mountain range in great numbers, yarenma populations are more scarce and regular extermination campaigns of the Yamato Kingdom keep them in check, though it is dangerous work. Sensô-ga were created through many generations of domestication and nearly went extinct during the Age of Heroes. A few escaped their captivity and actually managed to survive in the wild and their very small populations still live near the inner naraku no sôheki 奈落の双壁 ("Twin Walls of the Abyss") and in the kobayashi 巨林 ("Giant Grove").

Average Intelligence

While the average murasaki and sensô moths are docile, usually relatively passive, and known to have been outsmarted by common crows, yarenma moths have been known to show more cunning, which is likely related to their sometimes predatory behavior, which requires intelligent application of their narcotic dust. The yarenma moths have been known to cooperate to cut off the escape routes of their prey and have even been seen utilizing crude tools such as rocks and sticks to easier separate the soft fur from shishisô pods, which they sometimes eat or store for their offspring but also sometimes use to build nest-like constructs in their caves.

Perception and Sensory Capabilities

Compound Eyes

The common Lepidopter Yamatonis possesses a number of large compound eyes with numerous photoreceptors^{(see: Sidebar > Useful Information)}, one attached to each facet. The text on this image extracted from the YGD reads (from top to bottom): fukugan 複眼 ("compound eyes"), kikkômoyô 亀4模様 ("hexagonal pattern"), shisaibô 視細胞 ("photoreceptor cells"). The fact that the ancient Yamato people were already capable of crudly observing cell structures is quite remarkable. Of course the hexagonal pattern noted for the facetted eyes occurs because it is one of the strongest shapes in nature, as strange as that may appear to more esoteric types who try to see groupings of five and three in everything. Due to the large number of slightly angled photoreceptors, the moth's vision is surprisingly accurate, and it can discern very fast movements that would appear blurred to the human eye.

Newer research shows that yarenma moths can actually see a broad spectrum of color, a trait that was likely developed to better see the nantama fruit it eats. While the large compound eye it possess in the center of its head has rod-type receptor cells and is largely responsible for its impeccable night vision and perception of contrasts, the four supplemental eyes it possesses each contain one type of cone-type receptor cell allowing it to see tetrachromatic images of its surroundings with well-defined depth perception.

The cone-type cells also exist in very small concentrations in the compound eyes of murasaki and sensô moths, but their color vision is very limited. While yarenma moths possess five compound eyes, one primary and four secondary ones, murasaki moths only possess two, and sensô moths four in total.

Multifunctional Antennae

While the YGD shows intricate diagrams of what they describe as funshokkaku 粉触角 ("Dust Antennae"), only their primary function of dust dispersal is discussed, likely because the science at the time missed or was incapable of detecting the fine haptic nerves in the antennae filaments, which can detect both changes in the wind and soundwaves.

As a probably secondary effect of the adaptation of yarenma moths that has lead to larger and more numerous antennae that can distribute large quantities of dust at once, their air-tremor-perception is likewise improved significantly when compared to their murasaki moth brethren.

Symbiotic and Parasitic organisms

The progenitor of the contemporary moth types, Lepidopter Yamatonis Murasakis Protogenius, presumably first took the helpful archaea bacteria into their body, turning a poorly utilized digestive organ into the highly functional digestive engine and methane factory it is today. To do so, ever more efficient versions of the bacterium were cultivated within the moth over the course of thousands of years. The more efficient the bacteria were, the longer the moth's life expectancy became and the more likely it was to breed. In time, the contemporary murasaki moth also adopted a different culture of bacteria that it keeps deactivated in the lining of its floating belly to revive in winter when they metabolize the stored methane in the floating belly to maintain their hemolymph and flesh.

RPG Datasheet

Fate Core Cards

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D&D 3.5 Monster Stats

Yarenma Moth

The yarenma moth is a feared omnivore that lives in certain cavernous slopes and cliffs of the Yamato Mountain Range. Though they generally eat nantama fruit where available, their barbed tongues are able to lick living flesh of animals, which are quickly rendered comatose by the yarenma moth's narcotic moth dust. In spring they eat small birds and in winter mountain lions and goats. Though not listed in their standard diet, human wanderers that stroll into their range are generally also on the menu.

Combat

Yarenma moths will rarely attack creatures directly, though male yarenma moths sometimes have aggressive tendencies that may lead them to ignore this instinct. When attacking directly, the moths try to lick their prey with their dangerous, barbed tongues that can tear flesh from bone.

Ordinarily though, the moth will attempt to stay out of sight or out of reach and shower the area in narcotic moth dust, waiting for enemies to fall asleep. When they do, the moths will either flee or start licking flesh off their victims, who quickly turn comatose and unable to wake up.


Narcotic Moth Dust (ex)
A yarenma moth can vaporize large quantities of highly narcotic dust from its many antennae and further proliferate it through the area using methane from its floating belly. Releasing the dust the first time in an encounter requires a standard action, after which it spreads in a 15-ft radius in the first round + 5-ft every round thereafter.

Creatues in range must succeed on a DC 13 fortitude save every turn or fall asleep. This does not affect vermin, undead, constructs, unconscious creatures, and creatures immune to poison. Saving throw bonuses that apply against poison apply against this attack.

Sleeping creatures are helpless. Slapping or wounding awakens an affected creature once it is no longer inhaling narcotic dust, but normal noise does not. Awakening a creature is a standard action (an application of the aid another action).

Sleep does not target unconscious creatures, constructs, or undead creatures.

Every additional yarenma moth using this attack in the same area increases its DC by 1 instead of requiring an additional saving throw.


Rend (ex)
A yarenma moth can apply 2d6 +2 (str based) rend damage in addition to its sting damage once an enemy is helpless and can be grasped by its small hands.


Low Body Density
Counts as one size category smaller when determining the effects of wind (see DMGI p.92 table 3-24 Wind Effects).


Skills
A yarenma moth has a +4 racial bonus on Tumble and Listen checks as well as a +2 racial bonus on Move Silently.

Name	Yarenma Moth
Size/Type	Medium Vermin
Hit Dice	2d8+4 (16)
Initiative	+8
Speed	20ft fly (perfect)
Armor Class	17 (+3 natural, +4 dex)
Base Attack/Grapple	+2 / +4
Attack	Sting +4 (1d2)
Full Attack	Sting +4 (1d2)
Space/Reach	5ft. / 5ft.
Special Attacks	Narcotic moth dust, rend 2d6 +2
Special Qualities	Scent, Darkvision 60ft., blind sense 120ft, low body density
Saves	Fort: +5, Ref: +4, Will: +0
Abilities	Str: 15, Dex: 18, Con: 14, Int: -, Cha: 16, Wis: 10
Skills	Tumble +6, Listen +8, Spot +2, Intimidate +4, Move Silently +8, Hide +6
Feats	Alertness, Improved Initiative, Stealthy, Toughness
Environment	Temperate to sub-tropic mountain forests and mountain caves
Organization	Single, swarm (2-4), or colony (8-16)
Challenge Rating	4
Treasure	-
Alignment	Always neutral
Advancement	2-5HD (Medium)
Level Adjustment	-

The Codex Riccardium: Magna Magia is a grand codex of magic, its application, and its development throughout history as researched and described by the great magus and scholar Rickard Leeuw, who founded the Rickard Leeuw Magistorium, one of the five great Magus Academies of the Middle Lands and central institution of the grand city of Aerialis.
In this chapter of his codex, Prof. Leeuw digresses from his writings about magic to give an extensive account of the Yamato moths, scientifically known as Insecta Lepidoptera Murasakis Yamatonis. In the last segment of the codex entitled "In Thanks", he gives great credit to Hatabira Genji, a teacher from the Shunkashûto 春夏秋冬 ("four seasons") Institute for Weather Science, who was a moth enthusiast and researcher. In Leeuw's own travels to the Yamato Kingdom, he often conversed with Hatabira and collected much data on moths for this chapter of the codex and was eventually gifted with a rare reprint of the Yamato-Ga-Daijiten 大和蛾大事典 ("The Great Encyclopedia of Yamato's Moths"), which became the most seminal reference piece for his reseach on moths.

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Table of Contents

1. An Introduction
2. Moths and the Yamato Culture
3. Anatomy & Morphology
4. Biological Traits
5. Genetics and Reproduction
6. Ecology and Habitats
7. Dietary needs and habits
8. Biological Cycle
9. Growth Rate & Stages
10. Domestication
11. Uses, Products & Exploitation
12. Facial characteristics
13. Geographic Origin and Distribution
14. Average Intelligence
15. Perception and Sensory capabilities
16. Symbiotic and Parasitic organisms
17. RPG Datasheet

Article Glossary and Pronunciation Guide This spell ink mandala has been added to later copies of Rickard Leeuw's codex to provide readers with an understanding of how certain terms he used are pronounced. Simply put your finger on the spell ink below to hear the words spoken.

Show spoiler

The pronunciation of names and unusual terms in Rickard Leeuw’s paper on the Moths of Yamato in the Codex Riccardium: Magna Magia.

Bayô (0:13)
An equine animal with characteristics of both horses and goats that lives in the Yamato Kingdom and is able of bearing a rider, moderate speeds, and steep climbing.

Yamato (0:15)
Literally meaning “The Great Harmony”, this is the title for the land of Yamato and its kingdom, both of which extend throughout the Yamato Mountain Range, east of the Middle Lands.

Ryû-ga (0:16)
The strange and mighty dragon moths, which have long, armored bodies, are rumored to have been able to breathe fire, do not die of old age, and were artificially created by the Greenhorns. There were only ever around fifteen known to have existed.

Sensô-ga (0:18)
The war moths of Yamato. They were originally bred to increase fur and gas production and yield new colors for textiles. In time, their use for transportation was discovered and further bred, and they were used to ferry people around the perilous mountain terrain of the kingdom. Eventually they were utilized as flying mounts during the Great War and subsequently almost made extinct by the Angel Saxons.

Murasaki-ga (0:20)
The adorable purple moths of Yamato. Not larger than a small dog, these creatures have beautiful pink and purple colorings and glossy, thick fur. The moth dust they spread to attract mates is very fragrant and is associated with the smells of spring by the Yamato people.

Yarenma-ga (0:22)
Terrifying mutations of the murasaki-ga, created by millennia of excessive hunting through the first Yamato people. They spread narcotic moth dust that can render humans comatose.

Ryoku’u (0:24)
The old Yamato name of the Greenhorns, before they expatriated to join the Unified Oceanbelt Technocracy.

Yamato-Ga-Daijiten (0:26)
The Grand Yamato Moth Encyclopedia, an old but nonetheless seminal work on the history, ecology, and biology of the three types of Yamato moths.

Renku (0:28)
A linked-verse type of poetry, where multiple haiku or haikai are joined into one long poem, often having multiple authors contribute different verses, adhering to certain form guidelines.

Haiku (0:30)
A single-verse poem consisting of three lines with a set number of phonetic syllables each: Five in the first, seven in the second, five in the third.

Hestia (0:31)
Hestia Bygate was an historically influential magus of fire, who was raised in the Bonfire Shrine of what would later become Lumina Aka and had an impressive career as a court magus of the Yamato court before falling out of favor for incinerating a large city called “Estverde”.

Hôin Jirô (0:34)
A famous poet from the Yamato Kingdom, who wrote the song “Yamato no Ga” 大和の蛾 (“the moths of Yamato”).

Yanagi no Ôkoku (0:36)
“The Willow Kingdom”, a famous story describing the founding of the Yamato Kingdom.

Hans Walger (0:39)
A notable scholar of Yamato culture, who published the seminal book “A Comparative Study of Yamato Folklore”.

Kokusei (0:41)
The Yamato word for Swartalben, the brother-tribe of the Albenmannen. While the Albenmannen became the Angel Saxons after the Reshaping of the World, the Swartalben became the nomadic tribes that eventually settled the Yamato Kingdom.

Swartalbaheim (0:42)
One of the Nine Realms, former home to the Swartalben. It was said to have been a treasure-trove of rare gems and metals.

Glam Shen (0:44)
The mythical founder of the Yamato Kingdom.

Nantama (0:46)
A juicy, yellow fruit that is almost perfectly round, sweet with a slight bitter aftertaste, and grows everywhere in the Yamato Kingdom.

Daihô (0:48)
The Yamato word for what is known as the Great Clockwork.

Yasha (0:50)
A derogatory term for people afflicted with spellblight, that is used in the Yamato Kingdom.

Dairintaisha (0:51)
The Grand Shrine of the Great Wheel, which was allegedly created by Glam Shen and was plated in gold to shine bright when the sun shone on it.

Kokuyôsei (0:54)
The unabbreviated term for “Kokusei”.

Yanagi Hôtaru (0:56)
A mythic prince of the Yamato Kingdom that was allegedly carried off into the distance after attempting to fly up to the Dairintaisha by tying many moths together.

Yukata (0:59)
While literally meaning “bath garment” and being a typical piece of clothing to be worn around public baths and hot springs, the yukata also comes in a festive variety with intricate patterns and is often worn during the Yamahanabi and the Gatakoage.

Ga (1:00)
The Yamato word for moth.

Gayoku (1:02)
This literally means “Moth Wing”.

Fudai (1:04)
The wind sack or “floating fin” of the moth, used to catch updrafts and increase lift but also to breathe through gill-like slits.

Funshokkaku (1:05)
The antennae of the moth, used for various biological processes and sensory perception.

Funbenmô (1:08)
This means “dust flagellum” and refers to the hair-like fibers protruding from the antennae of the moth.

Fubuku (1:10)
This floating belly of the moth is its digestive organ and is filled with slightly pressurized methane gas. It provides very little actual lift but reduces the mass to volume ratio of the animal significantly, allowing for increases in size without decreases in lift.

Gikitô (1:12)
A moth gas lamp, powered with methane gas extracted from the floating bellies of murasaki moths.

Shishisô (1:14)
The four-fingered grass of Yamato, which is closely related to common lake and river cattails. Usually four thick stems surrounded by grassy bushels protrude from one plant, each holding one pod of compacted fur with countless seeds attached to it. The murasaki moths eat this fur, and Yamato people make clothes from it.

Shaku (1:16)
A unit of measurement equal to roughly one third of a meter.

Sun (1:18)
A unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a shaku.

Altonar (1:19)
Altonar is an independent technocratic city that lies some way west of the Middle Lands and is built around a dormant volcano that has a lake in its caldera.

Ribogenetics (1:22)
The science of mapping and directly manipulating the genes of living organisms. Its name comes from the original factory molecule called “ribosome”, which was utilized by the Greenhorns to first map and change genetic code in animals.

Hatabira Genji (1:24)
A moth expert from the Yamato Kingdom, colleague of Rickard Leeuw.

Teihakutsume-ma (1:27)
A file for maintaining the claw-parts of murasaki moth mooring claws.

Enyu (1:30)
This so-called luster oil or luster cream is a whitish substance brushed into the fur of murasaki moths to make it shine.

En’genade (1:31)
A very soft brush made for applying enyu to the fur of murasaki moths.

Ga’teirebako (1:33)
A moth care set box, it usually contains teihakutsume-ma, enyu, en’genade, kenade, and sometimes kesen.

Kesen (1:36)
Fur dyes, used to add additional coloring to the fur of pet murasaki moths.

Kenade (1:37)
A brush used to brush the fur of pet murasaki moths.

Iemoto (1:39)
The system of passing on secrets to certain arts and traditions inside a household, going from so-called sôke (the grand master) to sôke. Usually an heir of the house will take over its secrets, but when none are available, the honor can pass to the oldest or most experienced disciple of the house. Being a sôke entitles one to teach the secrets of the house.

Yamaseki (1:41)
The current capital city of the Yamato Kingdom.

Uramachi (1:42)
The ‘city behind the city’, a part of Yamaseki that is built deep into the side of the mountain, containing dark, cavernous spaces and housing the infamous Black Market.

Naraku no sôheki (1:44)
The Twin Walls of the Abyss are two towered walls on either side of a mind-boggling ravine that cuts through the only level ground that could lead into the Yamato Valley. It is said that one of the earliest emperors was the Lord of Earth at the time and removed the only access to cut the kingdom off from the Middle Lands.

Kobayashi (1:46)
The Giant Grove is a grove of humongous kauri trees.

Fukugan (1:49)
The compound eyes of an insect.

Kikkômoyô (1:51)
A pronunciation error has occurred here: the second „o“ is short as in „Iemoto“(see 1:39).
This simply means “hexagonal pattern”.

Shisaibô (1:54)
The Yamato word for photoreceptor cells.

Rurimon Kumotsu (1:57)
A kami from the sect of many gods of the religion of ur-soulism. Rurimon Kumotsu is said to be the amalgamation of ten thousand murasaki moth souls, having the body of a snake-like, elongated murasaki moth with one hundred and six wings, and beautiful lapis-lazuli-colored fur.

Reitô Matsuri (2:00)
The spirit lantern festival of Yamato is a special occurrence in the third month of the year, when people send wild murasaki moths flying with paper lanterns to see off the souls of the departed.

Murasaki Hanami (2:02)
A feast day where people picnic in parks to watch the cherry plums in bloom and have their pet moths dine on the petals.

Benibasumomo (2:05)
The common cherry plum, planted everywhere in the cities of Yamato for their beautiful pink petals and red leafs.

Yamahanabi (2:07)
The mountain fireworks of the sixth month, launched throughout highly elevated cities in the Yamato Kingdom and attended by people from all around the world.

Gatakoage (2:09)
The yearly moth kite flying event held in the Yamato Kingdom during the ninth month.

Gayaki (2:11)
A special pastry prepared during festivals in the Yamato Kingdom, which resembles a murasaki moth and is filled with sweet red bean paste.

Scientific Name

Insecta Lepidoptera Yamatonis

Origin/Ancestry

Lepidopter Yamatonis Murasakis Protogenius

Lifespan

• Murasaki Moths → about 3 years
• Yarenma Moths → about 7 to 17 years
• Sensô Moths → about 15 to 25 years

Average Height

(See larger image and extensive measurements in the Morphology section.)
The average height of Lepidoptera Yamatonis depends on their type:

• Murasaki Moths → about 17cm to 25cm
• Yarenma Moths → about 85cm to 120cm
• Sensô Moths → about 247cm to 310cm

Average Weight

• Murasaki Moths → about 1.8 to 2.3 kg
• Yarenma Moths → about 14 to 23 kg
• Sensô Moths → about 63 to 110 kg

Average Length

• Murasaki Moths → about 32cm to 45cm
• Yarenma Moths → about 190cm to 220cm
• Sensô Moths → about 378cm to 430cm

Body Tint, Colouring and Marking

This picture of the moths' coat shows a sensô moth with its green, intricate body pattern on the left, a yarenma with its vibrant dark purple color and bright, eye-like markings in the center, and on the right a murasaki moth with its almost cherry blossom pinkish purple tint, gentle stripes and spots as well as typical eye-like markings on the wings.

All three types of moths have very thick moth fur covering their bodies to better combat the loss of body heat due to their increased surface area. Additionally, the vibrant eye patterns on the yarenma moths' wings are bioluminescent and glow brightly in the night.

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Harusokucha 春息茶 ("the Breath of Spring Tea")

First take just three stalks of kukicha 茎茶 ("green tea leave stalks") for every cup you wish to brew. Put them in a little mortar of stone with some water, just a bit though. Cold water, not hot.
Brush the fur of the murasakiga with a soft brush, gently, seven times.
Gently knock the side of the brush against the mortar to shower the water with moth dust.
Use the pestle and grind the stalks together with the water and dust, and add a few cherry blossom petals as you continue to grind until it is nice and pink.
Add a spoon full of rice wine.
Boil water and let it settle for a little while.
Put the pink paste into a tea filter.
Pour the water into the tea can with the filter inside.
As it settles, add a mint leave and let it sit for as long as it takes to sing Kaede no Gakkari.¹

This is a popular children's song in the Yamato Kingdom. It is also a play on words. Kaede is the protagonist of the story, the song tells, and "Gakkari" is written as "Moth Hunt", but it is spoken as "Disappointment".

Take the filter and mint leaf out.
Serve the tea, and all who drink of it will breathe easier, as the sickness of winter leaves their bodies and their noses and throats clear up with the memory of spring.

— From Sayako-baa's Little Book of Remedies

There are many house-remedies, teas, and pastes based on murasaki moth dust, and this is due to the unique scent of spring it spreads clearing the airways and promoting blood flow. Yamato people rub mothbalm on everything from muscle sores to under their stuffy noses. It is considered a cure-all and has even found some traction on the Middlish market.

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Related Articles

The History of Aqualon

Useful Information
These are wikipedia articles.
Book Lungs
Photoreceptor Cells (also relevant for "cone- and rod-receptors")
Archaea (methane generating microbes)
On Lifting Gases
Woodblock Printing

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