High Elvish
Not done yet: structural markers (articles, pronouns, possessives), writing system, dictionary
Geographical Distribution
It is mainly spoken around
Faelar.
Phonology
Consonant inventory: b d f l m n p s t v ŋ ʀ ʃ ʒ ʧ θ
Vowel inventory: aɪ̯ e eɪ̯ iː ɑ ɔ ɔɪ̯ ɛ ɪ ʊ
Diphthongs: aɪ̯ eɪ̯ ɔɪ̯
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable
Sound changes (in order of application):
n → m / _b
n → m / _p
m → n / _d
Morphology
Syllable structure: (C)V
Spelling rules: Pronunciation Spelling
Spelling rules: Pronunciation Spelling
iː — i | ɔɪ̯ — ö |
ɛ — è | θ — th |
ɑ — a | ʒ — z |
ɔ — o | ʃ — sh |
ʊ — u | ŋ — ng |
ɪ — ì | ʀ — r |
eɪ̯ — ë | ʧ — ch |
aɪ̯ — ä | e — é |
Derivational morphology: Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ʀɔ
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -dɑ
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -vɑɛʀ
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -sɑ
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -ʒɑ
Noun to verb = Suffix -leɛʀ
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -viː
Tending to = Suffix -fiː
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -θaɪ̯
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -vɔ
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -maɪ̯
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -lɑ
Diminutive = Suffix -sɑn
Augmentative = Suffix -mʊ
Superlative = Suffix -dɛ
Syntax
Negation:
The negation is positioned just after the verb, using san /sɑn/. Punctuation: The punctuation is the only marker for exclamative or interrogative sentences, the words' order don't have any incidence.
The negation is positioned just after the verb, using san /sɑn/. Punctuation: The punctuation is the only marker for exclamative or interrogative sentences, the words' order don't have any incidence.
Tenses
To conjugate a verb, a suffix is added to the verbal root. This root is found by removing the suffix -ar or -èr at the end of the word. For example, for rèar (/ʀɛɑʀ/), to learn, the verbal root is rè-.
The difference between the inclusive "we" and the exclusive "we" is wether it includes the listener or not.
Person | Remote Past | Past | Present | Future | Remote Future |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st (incl.) | Suffix -ʃaɪ̯
rèshä /ʀɛʃaɪ̯/ (I/we) learned |
Suffix -ve
rèvé /ʀɛve/ (I/we) learned |
Suffix -mɑ
rèma /ʀɛmɑ/ (I/we) learn |
Suffix -vɔ
rèvo /ʀɛvɔ/ (I/we) 'll learn |
Suffix -diː
rèdi /ʀɛdiː/ (I/we) 'll learn |
1st (excl.) | Suffix -ʧaɪ̯
rèchä /ʀɛʧaɪ̯/ (we) learned |
Suffix -fe
rèfé /ʀɛfe/ (we) learned |
Suffix -mɔ
rèmo /ʀɛmɔ/ (we) learn |
Suffix -fɔ
rèfo /ʀɛfɔ/ (we) 'll learn |
Suffix -dɪ
rèdì /ʀɛdɪ/ (we) 'll learn |
2nd | Suffix -nʊ
rènu /ʀɛnʊ/ (you) learned |
Suffix -lʊ
rèlu /ʀɛlʊ/ (you) learned |
Suffix -fɑ
rèfa /ʀɛfɑ/ (you) learn |
Suffix -le
rèlé /ʀɛle/ (you) 'll learn |
Suffix -faɪ̯
rèfä /ʀɛfaɪ̯/ (you) 'll learn |
3rd | Suffix -paɪ̯
rèpä /ʀɛpaɪ̯/ (s.he/they) learned |
Suffix -siː
rèsi /ʀɛsiː/ (s.he/they) learned |
Suffix -ʀɪ
rèrì /ʀɛʀɪ/ (s.he/they) learn |
Suffix -ʃʊ
rèshu /ʀɛʃʊ/ (s.he/they) 'll learn |
Suffix -ʧʊ
rèchu /ʀɛʧʊ/ (s.he/they) 'll learn |
Sentence Structure
Main word order: Subject Object (Prepositional phrase) Verb
Adposition: postpositions, meaning prepositions are always after the noun or phrase they refer to.
Nouns:
Nouns have two cases:
• Ergative is the doer of a verb, when the verb is done to something: dog bites man.
• Absolutive is used in two scenarios: the doer of a verb when not done to something (dog bites), and the done-to of a verb (man bites dog).
Singular:
Case | Animate | Inanimate |
---|---|---|
Ergative | Suffix -laɪ̯
ämolä /aɪ̯mɔlaɪ̯/ dog (doing a transitive verb) |
Suffix -pɛ
chévipè /ʧeviːpɛ/ belt (doing a transitive verb) |
Absolutive | Suffix -ʧɑ
ämocha /aɪ̯mɔʧɑ/ dog (doing an intransitive verb) |
Suffix -ŋɑ
chévinga /ʧeviːŋɑ/ belt (doing an intransitive verb) |
Plural:
Case | Animate | Inanimate |
---|---|---|
Ergative | Suffix -ʧɔ
ämocho /aɪ̯mɔʧɔ/ dogs (doing a transitive verb) |
Suffix -ʧʊ
chévichu /ʧeviːʧʊ/ belt (doing a transitive verb) |
Absolutive | Suffix -ʧiː
ämochi /aɪ̯mɔʧiː/ dogs (doing an intransitive verb) |
Suffix -vɑ
chéviva /ʧeviːvɑ/ belt (doing an intransitive verb) |
Adjective Order
Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Dictionary
Root Languages
Successor Languages
Spoken by
Common Phrases
Hello — Shuli
Goodbye — Shuli
How are you ? —
I'm fine —
Not well —
Please —
Thank you —
You're welcome — Shuarsan
It's okay — Shuarsan
I'm sorry —
Excuse me —
Now —
Yesterday — Rimi
Tomorrow — Éa
Comments