Ţiyyian (tˤijj)

NATIVELY KNOWN AS: ţiyy /tˤijj/ ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
bū āsm u taţ khi nukra bū u nūq qi’al murḑ īd nā
Pronunciation: /buː aːsm u tatˤ xi nuˈkra buː u nuːq qiˈʔal murdˤ iːd naː/
Ţiyyian word order: and he his hat holding stood and his wet face the wind to turned

Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d dˤ f h j k l m n q r s sˤ t tˤ w x z ð ðˤ ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʕ ʤ θ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal	m			n
Stop	b			t tˤ d dˤ			k	q		ʔ
Affricate					ʤ
Fricative		f	θ ð ðˤ	s sˤ z	ʃ		x ɣ		ħ ʕ	h
Approximant						j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a aː i iː u uː

	Front	Back
High	i iː	u uː
Low	a aː

Morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix su-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤaː Else: Suffix -uːʤaː
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -uː
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -a
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -d Else: Suffix -aːd
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ru Else: Suffix -iːru
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -lli Else: Suffix -aːlli
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ka Else: Suffix -aːka
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -uː
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix ni-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -zʔ Else: Suffix -uːzʔ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix iː-
Diminutive = Prefix nu-
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -b Else: Suffix -ib

Syntax

Nouns

Nouns have two cases:

Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.

Nominative	No affix şudu /sˤuˈdu/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	Prefix iː- īşudu /iːsˤuˈdu/ (verb done to) dog

Singular	No affix şudu /sˤuˈdu/ dog
Plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix aw- Else: Prefix awa- awaşudu /aˌwasˤuˈdu/ dogs

Articles

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	is /is/ the	khi /xi/ a
Plural	mū /muː/ the	kīr /kiːr/ some

Uses of definite article that differ from common:

Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
Used for languages: ‘The Ţiyyian’

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative
1st singular	nū’ /nuːʔ/ I	ḑā /dˤaː/ me
2nd singular	ū /uː/ you	ar /ar/ you
3rd singular	āsm /aːsm/ he, she, it	a /a/ his, her, it
1st plural	şa /sˤa/ we	warḑ /wardˤ/ us
2nd plural	in /in/ you all	ʻi /ʕi/ you all
3rd plural	kūd /kuːd/ they	kā /kaː/ them

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	wī /wiː/ my
2nd singular	lā /laː/ your
3rd singular	u /u/ his, her, its
1st plural	dall /dall/ our
2nd plural	ū /uː/ your (pl)
3rd plural	dhū /ðuː/ their

Vocabulary

Numbers

Ţiyyian has a base-10 number system:

yuw

tā

rar

zū

ghul

yār

Hund.

Thous.

şiyy

Tenses

Present	No affix jaq /ʤaq/ learn
Past	Prefix u- ujaq /uˈʤaq/ learned

Ţiyyian uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future	Particle before the verb: luː - lū jaq /luː ʤaq/ will learn

Structural Markers

Sentence Structure

Main word order: SSubject Object (Prepositional phrase) Verb.

“Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door with a key opened.

Adjective Order

Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.

Adposition: postpositions

Structure & Patterns

Syllable structure: Custom defined

Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable

Dictionary

3112 Words.

Spoken by

Common Phrases

Şāl hīniḩa sa’udū is khālli īd is mitād

Water's worth is known to the thirsty

Ḩid suşu ba khi shifting mī’

Treading lightly on a shifting canvas

Khi dāru hīniḩa shulā khi bīn kiw

A mirage's promise holds no weight

Common Female Names

Aua
Tate
Matishuy
Tahirah
Tenweshky

Ipytet
Minefer
Tjedisy
Hetemkhuy
Nubkhafer

Common Male Names

Padiamu
Hepety
Atihor
Tabu
Sent

Abuskhau
He-pthah-esis
Djehefta
Serkopsha
Mere