Forestry: Tools
Tools Used
All sectors use gloves to protect the hands from friction and from parts of the tree that may hurt the hands.Tree Management and Harvesting
In this sector of this industry, these jobs rely on cutting or maintaining the trees as well as turning a fallen tree into a log and branches before processing its parts. The tools they use are:| Tool | Details |
|---|---|
| Felling Axe | A felling axe is used to cut down the trees. |
| Cant Hook | A Cant Hook is used to manoeuvre a log on a portable sawmill. |
| Harness | Harnesses are used by Tree Surgeons so they don’t fall to their deaths. |
| Ladder | Ladders are used so that the Tree Surgoen can climb up the tree easily and for more accessibility. |
| Hand Axe | The Hand Axe is used to remove branches from the main trunk of the tree. |
| Kitararu (Gatherers Basket) | A Kitararu or a gatherer’s basket is used for collecting pine cones and needles separately. |
| Sussex trug | A shallow basket used to collect the harvested pine needles and move them for other processes. |
| Two-Man Saw | Two-Man Saw is used to cut the trunk of the tree to length, ready to be used for the portable sawmill. |
| Helmet | Helmets are used for protection. |
| Log Sawhorse | The log sawhorse is used so that branches can be cut to manageable lengths and made into boards by the portable sawmill. |
| Gardening Sieve | The Sieve is used to separate the dirt from the pine needles so that the pine needles can be processed further. |
| Pliers | Pliers are used, to remove the scales from the cone to make it easier to pack into the charcoal kiln. |
| Wooden mallet (carvers type) | The wooden mallet is used to beat the pine needles so that their fibres break apart. |
| Knife | The Knife is not used as part of any process but as self-defence against wild animals of the wildernesses that may attack the workers. |
| Funnel | The funnel is used to get the extracted pine wax into bottles. |
Land Maintenance
Land Maintenance refers to the processing of stumps and planting saplings. The tools they use are:| Tool | Details |
|---|---|
| Mattock | A mattock is a tool like a pickaxe that works in the dirt rather than rock to dig large holes. |
| Bow Saw | A bow saw is used to reduce the size of a stump to make another log. |
| Shovel | A shovel is used to make a shallow hole for the sapling to be planted. |
| Pots | Pots are used to plant clippings for future planting and restocking of the forest. |
| Watering Can | To water saplings so that they get established. |
| Hand Axe | A hand axe is used to cut the roots of trees so they can’t be tripped over accidentally. |
| Garden Trolley | The trolley is used to move tree stumps and roots from the worksite to be processed later. |
| Tray | When the pine cones open in a warm room they can drop their seeds onto the tray to be used later. |
| Knife | The Knife is not used as part of any process but as self-defence against wild animals of the wildernesses that may attack them. |
| Tree Guard | The Tree Guard is used to protect a young tree from wild animals that may want the sapling. |
Log And Wood Processing
The tools below are what is needed, to either turn wood that is not part of the main trunk of the tree into either baskets, chips of wood, for either paper or charcoal making.| Tool | Details |
|---|---|
| Kiln | The Kiln is used to burn wood to make charcoal. |
| Shovel | The Shovel is used to check the moisture of kiln chimneys by covering the opening of the chimney with the shovel. It is also used in putting the charcoal in sacks. |
| Gardening Sieve | A sieve is used so that size grading occurs when sorting the finished Charcoal into two batches. |
| Roller Press | A roller press is used to roll flat certain lengths of pine needles to remove wax from pine needles. |
| Hand Axe. | A Hand Axe in this context is used to break up an extracted tree stump into wedges and further down into short kindling size pieces by the Chipper. For the Log planner, they use the Hand Axe to split the log to make planks thin enough to make baskets. |
| Steel Wedge | Steel Wedges are used to help aid in splitting logs. In the case of the Log Planer to make planks. For the Chipper this is to aid in making kindling side pieces. |
| Wooden Mallet | The Wooden Mallet is used to protect the backside of the axe and the steel wedges when in use in splitting logs or stumps. It is also used by the Needle Harvester to beat short pine needles. |
| Steel Wire Brush | The Steel Wire Brush is used to remove the dirt from either the stump or the roots of the former tree. |
| Bucket | A bucket of water is used in combination with the brush to remove dirt. |
| Draw Knife | The drawknife is used in removing the bark from a log. |
| Block Plane | The block plane is used to level out the planks to make them flatter. |
| Tenon Saw | A Tenon Saw is used and to ensure that they thin down the planks to 2.54cm by 0.5cm (1 in by 0.197 in) to ensure they can be made into baskets. |
| Basket Weaving tools | These tools are used so that baskets from short wooden strips can be made. |
| English Style Shave Horse [14] | This tool is used by the Log Planer with the Draw Knife to turn the split log into strips of wood that can be then made into baskets [15]. |
Sawmill
These are the tools required to turn the finished log in to the timber. The timber is sent to a sawmill building to be finished off so that the bark is not included with the finished product.| Tool | Details |
|---|---|
| Portable Sawmill | A portable sawmill is a sawmill that moves it used to cut the logs into boards, planks and posts. As moving the logs would be difficult as there is no river to punt the logs down. These products are then finished and graded at the sawmill building. |
| Tarpaulin | The Tarpaulin which measures 10 metres by 4 metres (32.8’ by 13.12’) is used to cover the work site where the work is done to collect the waste products that would be useful. |
| Tent Pegs | Tent pegs are used to keep the Tarpaulin from moving or blowing away. |
| Rubber Mallet | The Rubber Mallet is used to get the tent pegs into the ground. |
| Planks of wood | These are used to level the portable sawmill on unlevel ground. Substandard wood is used. This is wood that has the wrong dimensions or that is too many knots to be useful. |
| Spirit level | The spirit level is used to check the level of the portable sawmill. |
Maintenance And General Operations [1][12]
At this point, the tree has been processed so these tools are what is needed to allow for tool maintenance and general operations such as looking after the stables and producing biodiesel for the portable sawmills.| Tool | Details |
|---|---|
| Whetstone | A Whetstone or a sharpening stone is used to sharpen axes, they come in three types; 200 400 and 600 grit. Typically the axe person will start at 200 grit and work on both sides of the axe and keep the bevel before going to higher grits each time. Whetstones are generally 12 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm (4.72 in x 2.76 in x 1.18 in) and are cuboid in shape when new. The grit can be identified by the number painted on the shortest side. The number is pointed out so it is easier to find the right grit whetstone someone is looking for. These are kept on a shelf. |
| 1200 Grit Abrasive Paper | This paper is mounted to a block of wood that is the same dimensions as the whetstones above. It is mounted to make it easier to use. They are used as the finishing step and to remove burrs from the other steps of 200, 400 and 600 Grit Whetstones. |
| Wood Chip | While technically not a tool, the wood chip is used as a safe way to check to see if the axe is sharp enough to use. |
| Filter | A filter is used as part of the production of biodiesel so that the portable sawmills can run. The Original oil is used cooking oil which has mystery pieces which need to be filtered out before the oil can be processed further |
| Two 60 Litre Barrels | The Barrels are used to store used cooking oil in PLA barrels one for storing the unprocessed oil the other for the finished product. |
| Gardening Trolley | The Trolley is used to allow the manoeuvring of fluids in oil processing as well as to move finished fuel to refuel the portable sawmills. |
| 20 litre Jerry Can | Used to store the biodiesel |
| Measuring Vessels | These are used to measure the right amount of oil and white spirit so that they can combine them to make the biodiesel. |
| Files | Files are used by the Sawmill Engineer to sharpen the saw blade at the sawmill building. |
| Pliers | Pliers are used to moving each of the teeth on the saw blade to make the saw blade more efficient. |
| Muck Fork | The Muck fork is used to muck out the horses. |
| Straw Broom | This is used to clean out the stable of any remnants that remain such as wet straw or manure. |
| Pitchfork | This is used for picking up and moving hay around as well as putting straw bedding down and can be used to lift out moist bedding. |
| Wheelbarrow | A wheelbarrow is used to move hay, manure and straw from one place to another. |
| Baskets | Baskets are used by the carriers to carry parts of the tree back to be processed at the Lodge. These can be the parts that the needles are part of as well as twigs. |
| Knife | The knife is used by the carrier as a form of self-defence if they are attacked while carrying something back to the Lodge or the sawmill, from the wilderness. If they are attacked it will be from other animals such as wolves and boars etc. |
Article Contents
Further Resources
References
[1] How to sharpen a bushcraft axe[12] A List of tools that a stable hand needs
[14] A Youtube video on Shave Horses
[15] A youtube video on how trug baskets are made.
Acknowledgements
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