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Ahkalba

Ahkalba is one of the most difficult to understand languages; lacking a large number of identifying characteristics for translation to common language. It is known for being the main language of the Daw'lni Collective.

Syntax

 

Forms of Conjugation

  A major part of the written language is keeping the conjugation. Due to this, large elements of the syntax are highly similar to the morphology and considered a part of the syntax. Beyond conjugation, there are several variables and changes made to words that are grouped with the conjugation.   The gender conjugation articles are often used in other places where needed as a pronoun.  

Articles

  Articles are generally replaced by gender conjugation for proper nouns and pronouns. However, in the case of regular nouns, articles are generally included. These are the only places in which articles are involved in the language. When writing them, an article is different from other morphology in that it uses the base root and distinction like adjectives. To form an article of any form, the measurement base root, "ɑɤϸɑԏ", and adding the distinction of a number to the end -- making it an article. Since this is taken from the adjective number, there is a rule in which two vowels are lined up a ʆ is placed between the base root and distinction.   There are three additional forms of articles, coming from a lack of knowledge on the numbers. Roughly meaning many, few, and multiple, these articles are used when it is easier to approximate and when in a hurry. This is generally considered as lesser grammar, lacking the properness of the articles.  

Possessives

  It is most propper to always use the proper noun; in the cases where a proper known is not feasible, the marker for gender begins the word. This is undesirable and rarely used. Using the correct noun, the gender conjugation is followed by the use of ҟҟɑʆ followed by the possessed noun. In the case of the lack of a noun, gender conjugation is the solo marking.  

Demonyms

  Demonyms are written by placing a noun after either a gender conjugation or proper noun.  

Conjugation

  Markers are the key to conjugation. Both tense and gender conjugation are usually included in the use of verbs. The use of the conjugation process in other words -- generally only nouns -- have a specific meaning. Verbs are rarely used alone, generally needing some form of conjugation unless speaking of the verb and not of a subject using the verb.  

Phrases

 

Verb Phrase

  In most cases, the verb phrase comes before the noun phrase in the syntax. It is usually begun with a smaller noun phrase, identifying the item in which the verb is reacting to. Because of this, it is not uncommon for the language to have sentences that begin with the noun phrase that is technically part of the verb phrase. This is followed by the verb, concluding the verb phrase.  

Noun Phrase

  The noun phrase is the second phrase in a basic sentence, using the subject followed by the article, the noun phrase will generally be the concluding phrase of a simple sentence. The noun phrase, while important, is also seen to not be a critical part of a sentence in speech. This is because of the fact that the noun phrase is generally spoken in the instigating sentence and the ending sentence while a verb phrase is used for discussion in between -- without mentioning any new subject.  

Prepositional Phrase

  Prepositional phrases are a part of the language that is rarely used. While it is possible to write them out, the language has a small number of prepositional phrases. However, the ones that are included are often used as transitions in sentences. Due to this, the prepositional phrase can be placed anywhere around the end or beginning of any clause. Most often, the prepositional phrase is either the beginning or end of the sentence.  

Questions

  Questions have a unique form, including the use of a question subject-verb box. These all stand in the place of the English form of "is/am/are". Due to the wide expanse of verbs, it is uncommon for the use of the question verbs in general conversation. The purpose of the question subject-verb box is to complete the interrogative adjectives and adverbs. Without a question, more specific verbs are usually used. Many questions can work without the box or with it, but it acts as a foundation for unknown circumstances.   For the grammar, the language is identical to that of English, formed based on the question word, subject, and any additional information.    
Question Subject-Verb Box
 
Gender I/We You/Y'all (S)He/They
Male էէɑʆ ʆɑէէ ʆʆɑէ
Female ʆʆԏɑϸ ϸԏɑʆʆ ϸϸԏɑʆ
Netural ϸϸɑҟ ҟɑϸϸ ҟҟɑϸ
    Using a simple question, such as "what is your favorite book" as an example, the working process of the question is slightly different. Like normal, the questioning phrase is placed first. In this case, "what" becomes "ɀʆʆɤʆ"; "is" translates to "ҟɑϸϸ"; "your favorite", grouped together into a possessive, is translated as "ʫʆɑɤҟϡɀɀɤʆɤԏҟ"; the ending, book, is simply translated as ҟɑɤⴉɑɤϸɑԏϡѓѓɤԏҟʆʆɑɤ". Collated together, this comes to be read as "ɀʆʆɤʆ ҟɑϸϸ ʫʆɑɤҟϡɀɀɤʆɤԏҟ ҟɑɤⴉɑɤϸɑԏϡѓѓɤԏҟʆʆɑɤ". This, when translated more literally, means "what is your most preferred book"?  

Numbers

  Numbers are fairly simple, working off of the standard base 10 system. Compiling numbers is equally so, as the process is writing the digit numbers in order separated by hyphens. For example, one is ԏɑէſſɑɤϸɑԏ while eleven is ԏɑէſſɑɤϸɑԏ-ԏɑէſſɑɤϸɑԏ. The system itself is fairly simple.   For use in articles, all numbers have their basic root put at the front. Beyond that, no other changes are applied.  

Morphology

  Words are usually formed off of roots, systematically place into the words. Each form of a word tends to come from another; the most common example is how adjectives are usually derived from the variation in a verb. For example, ϸϸɤԏſɑԏѓ is derived from ʆʆɑԏѓ. In a similar vein, nouns and adverbs tend to also have a similar structure as the largest majority of words are based on verbs. This is seen throughout the language as verbs are the most common type of singular word.  

Verbs

  Verbs are the most common form of word in Ahkalba as they are the base of the language. Verbs are the most free-form type of words, their structure begetting the words that they can spawn. In general, they will be 1-3 syllables beginning and ending with a vowel for the easiest conversion, however, this doesn't always occur with the shorter verbs.   ϸɤⴉ, meaning to own, is one of the most used verbs as the "to own" tends to fall away. This allows for descriptions to be sentences. While it can be spoken to describe without it, to directly claim something in relation to an adjective, ϸɤⴉ is used. When in a sentence, it connects the adjective to the noun to say that a noun is an adjective. For example, "the book is golden" would be translated to be "ϸɤⴉʫϸɑҟᶚſſԏⴉ ϸϸɤԏſɑԏѓ ҟɑɤⴉɑɤϸɑԏϡѓѓɤԏҟʆʆɑɤ ɑɤϸɑԏʆԏɑէſſ"; in literal terms, the sentence reads as "own(present, it) golden longest noun to read one". This is translated in more general terms to mean "a book is golden".  

Nouns

  Nouns are also a significant word in the language. However, they are rarely words of their own; rather, nouns tend to be identifiable by context and written markers. This is due to nouns generally being referred to in reference to verbs; for example, they would address a book not as a book but as the longest noun to read. This is seen in the language as it is literally translated to "longest noun to read" ҟɑɤⴉɑɤϸɑԏϡѓѓɤԏҟʆʆɑɤ".   The other form of noun -- more along the lines of a pronoun -- are those who are using the verb. The most direct example is "the one who asks" wouldn't be a variation on ask, but rather a part of the conjugation. In this case, gender conjugation will be placed before the noun. Continuing the example, "to ask" is ҟҟɑɤϸϸʆ but the person who asked the question -- minus the tense conjugation -- would be ʫϸɑҟϡҟҟɑɤϸϸʆ translated to literally meant "the genderless one who (will) ask(ed)". Similarly, the person who is the target of the verb can gain a different meaning if the noun goes before the gender conjugation in a regular meaning. When written as ϡҟҟɑɤϸϸʆʫϸɑҟ, the word means "the genderless one to ask". In all cases, a tense conjugation can be applied. This form of noun is also often used in the language as a title.   Nouns, not being any form of a subject, when not having a direct root, will generally be based on several verbs. Taking the basic root from adjectives, several will be collected together. When mixed, the word is generally formed. This is the hardest part of the language to be able to infer off of sight as these words will generally be the most abstract from the original foundation of the language.  

Adjectives

  Adjectives have a more unique formation, generally formed from the usage of a generalized noun. For example, a color -- when referred to as an adjective -- is usually based on a root of the noun with a variation. However, as they need to be distinctly unique, they will always have some variation from their source. Using the colors example, the noun for color is ϡʆʆɑԏѓ. From this, the basic root, "ɑԏѓ" is used in all colors. For example, the distinction of golden, "ϸϸɤԏſ", is added to the base root for the word: ϸϸɤԏſɑԏѓ.   However, there are a large number of adjectives not connected immediately to something -- especially those with measurements. In these cases, the word is usually derived from the basic root of measurement, "ɑɤϸɑԏ". From here, the distinction is usually applied to form the adjective. "Long" for example is ⴉɑỻϸɑԏ.   All adjectives are added before the subject in order of importance.
 

Where to go Next

  Explore Related Locations/Ethnicities:  
'lni-dawl
Ethnicity | Jan 5, 2020
 
Daw'lni Collective
Organization | Dec 29, 2019
  Explore the Full Dictionary:  
Ahkalba Dictionary
Generic article | Jan 11, 2020

Dictionary

57 Words.
Geographic Distribution
Extinct
Since around the Third Era the decline of the language has lead to its classification as a dead language.
Spoken by
Conjugation Boxes
 
Gender Conjugation Box
 
English Male Female Neutral
I
We
ʆʆɑԏჺ ʆʆɑԏⴉ ʆʆɑԏҟ
You
Y'all
ʆɑɤჺ ʆɑɤⴉ ʆɑɤҟ
(S)He
They
ϸɑჺ ϸɑⴉ ϸɑҟ
   
Tense Conjugation Box
 
English Ahkalba
Past ҟҟԏⴉ
Present ſſԏⴉ
Future ⴉⴉԏⴉ

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Articles under Ahkalba


Comments

Author's Notes

It's not done at all -- as I need to edit and fill the dictionary -- but I need to begin the prose aspect of the Words of Worldbuilding soon so this is it.


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