Yendirdoc (Foreigners Elvish)

LANGUAGE FAMILY: TOL YLIDOC
# SPEAKERS / WORLD RANKING:
SPOKEN IN: Bluepool, Dokeen
High Elvish, spoken by the noble and Druidic caste. The most elaborate and challenging for non-Elves to learn, or other Elves to speak.
PERIOD OF USE:
SCRIPT USED:
PARENT LANGUAGE: Mynedoc (Old Elvish)

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"...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind..."
Translation: var ˈteia ˈcaɨa or su cheelds var ˈvaa or gaːn chə
Pronunciation: var ˈteia ˈkaɨa ɔː suː ʧiːldz var ˈvaa ɔː gaːn chə

Yendirdoc word order: and stood holding his hat he and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /b d f g h j k l m n p r s t v w z ð ŋ ɹ ɾ ʃ ʍ ʤ ʧ θ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n			ŋ
Stop	p b			t d			k g
Affricate					ʧ ʤ
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ			h
Approximant				ɹ		j
Tap				ɾ
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	ʍ w

Vowel inventory: /aɪ aʊ eɪ iː oʊ uː æ ɑ ɑː ɔɪ ɔː ɛ ɛə ɜː ɪ ɪə ʊ ʊə ʌ/
Diphthongs: aɪ, aʊ, eɪ, oʊ, ɔɪ, ɛə, ɪə, ʊə

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː		uː
Near-high	ɪ		ʊ
Low-mid	ɛ	ɜː	ʌ ɔː
Near-low	æ
Low			ɑ ɑː

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable
Word initial consonants: b, bl, bɹ, d, dɹ, f, fl, fɹ, g, gl, gɹ, h, j, k, kl, kw, kɹ, l, m, n, p, pl, pɹ, s, sk, skw, skɹ, sl, sm, sn, sp, spl, spɹ, st, stɹ, sw, t, th, tw, tɹ, v, w, ð, ɹ, ʃ, ʃɹ, ʍ, ʤ, ʧ, θ, θɹ
Mid-word consonants: b, bd, bj, bl, bm, bn, bs, bskj, bskɹ, bst, bstɹ, bt, bv, bz, bɹ, bɾ, bʤ, d, df, dg, dgɹ, dj, dkw, dl, dm, dn, ds, dv, dw, dɹ, dʃ, f, fj, fl, fspɹ, ft, ftl, ftw, fɹ, g, gj, gl, gm, gn, gz, gɹ, gʤ, h, j, k, kd, kf, kgɹ, kj, kl, km, kn, ks, ksf, ksk, kskj, kskl, kskw, ksm, ksp, kspl, kspɹ, kst, kstɹ, ksw, ksʧ, kt, ktf, ktl, ktɹ, kw, kz, kɹ, kʃ, kʧ, l, lb, ld, ldf, ldh, ldl, ldn, ldɹ, lf, lg, lgɹ, lj, lk, lkj, ll, lm, ln, lp, lpf, lpl, lptj, ls, lsh, lsʍ, lt, ltj, ltɹ, lv, lw, lð, lɹ, lʤ, lʧ, lθ, m, mb, mbl, mbɹ, mf, mfl, mft, mfɹ, mh, mj, ml, mn, mp, mpj, mpl, mpt, mptl, mpɹ, mpʃ, mpʧ, ms, mst, mt, mw, mz, mɹ, mʧ, mθ, n, nb, nbɹ, nd, ndj, ndl, ndm, ndɹ, nf, nfj, nfl, nfɹ, ng, ngɹ, nh, nj, nk, nkl, nkw, nkɹ, nl, nm, nn, npl, ns, nsf, nsj, nskɹ, nsl, nsm, nsp, nst, nstɹ, nt, ntl, ntm, ntɹ, nv, nw, nz, nzl, nzp, nɹ, nʃ, nʤ, nʤm, nʧ, nθj, p, pj, pl, pm, pt, pw, pɹ, pʃ, pʧ, s, sd, sf, sg, sgɹ, sj, sk, skj, skl, skɹ, sl, sm, sn, sp, spj, spl, st, stj, stl, stm, stw, stɹ, sw, sʧ, t, tb, tf, tj, tl, tm, tn, ts, tsm, tw, tɹ, v, vj, vl, vm, vn, vɹ, w, z, zb, zd, zj, zl, zm, ð, ðdɹ, ðst, ŋ, ŋg, ŋgj, ŋgl, ŋgw, ŋgɹ, ŋk, ŋkt, ŋkw, ŋkʃ, ŋkʧ, ŋl, ɹ, ɹb, ɹd, ɹf, ɹg, ɹk, ɹl, ɹm, ɹml, ɹn, ɹpl, ɹs, ɹsm, ɹt, ɹtl, ɹv, ɹʃ, ɹʤ, ɹʧ, ɹθw, ɾ, ʃ, ʃm, ʃn, ʤ, ʤm, ʤt, ʧ, ʧl, ʧm, θ, θf, θl, θɹ
Word final consonants: b, bd, bl, bz, d, dst, dz, f, fs, ft, g, gd, gz, k, ks, kst, kt, kts, l, ld, ldz, lf, lk, lm, ls, lt, lts, lv, lvd, lvz, lz, lθ, m, md, mp, mps, mpt, mz, n, nd, ndz, ns, nst, nt, nts, nz, nʤ, nʤd, nʧ, nθ, p, ps, pt, r, rm, s, sk, sp, spt, st, sts, t, ts, v, vd, vz, z, zd, ð, ðz, ŋ, ŋd, ŋk, ŋks, ŋkt, ŋz, ɹ, ɹd, ɹdz, ɹk, ɹks, ɹkt, ɹm, ɹmd, ɹmz, ɹn, ɹnd, ɹs, ɹst, ɹt, ɹts, ɹz, ɹʃ, ɹʧt, ɹθ, ʃ, ʃt, ʤ, ʤd, ʧ, ʧt, θ, θs
Phonological changes (in order of application):

• u → v / #_
• l → n / #_V[+nasal]
• p → bh / V_V
• k → g / _{w,j}

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
kw	qu
kt	cked / _#
k	c / !_{ɪ,i,ɛ,e,s}
oʊC₁	oC₁e
uːC₁	uC₁e / _#
eɪC₁	aC₁e / _#
ð	th
θ	th
ʍ	wh
ŋg	ng
ŋk	nk
ŋ	ng
ʧ	ch
ʃ	sh
ɹ	r
z	s / _#
ju	u / C_
cc	ck
c	k / _#
{t,d}	ed / C_#
aʊ	ow / _#
aʊ	ou
ɔɪ	oi
ɪə	ear
ɪ	y / _#
ɪ	i
ji	yi
j	y
iː	y / _#
yy	yi / _#
y	i / #_#
ʌ	u
iː	ee
oʊ	o
ʊ	oo
ɛ	e
ɑ(ː)	a
t	tt / æ_#
l	ll / æ_#
s	ss / æ_#
z	zz / æ_#
æ	a
ʤ	j / #_
ʤ	ge / _#
ʤ	dg
ɜː	ur
ɔː	or
uː	u
quur	quir
eə	ere

Grammar

Main word order: Verb Object (Prepositional phrase) Subject.
"Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Opened the door with a key Mary.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions

Nouns

Nouns have six cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man goes to town.
• Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.

Nouns form plural with separate plural word:

Plural

Particle before the noun: kɛm - kem geˈi /kɛm geˈi/ dogs

	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	Prefix joʊ-	If starts with vowel: Prefix m- Else: Prefix mɔː- morˈkeeaˌi /mɔːˈkiːaˌi/
Accusative	Prefix maɪ-	If starts with vowel: Prefix w- Else: Prefix wæ- waˈkeeaˌi /wæˈkiːaˌi/
Genitive	If starts with vowel: Prefix k- Else: Prefix kæ-	Prefix kʊ- cooˈkeeaˌi /kʊˈkiːaˌi/
Dative	Prefix iː-	If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix jɛ- yeˈkeeaˌi /jɛˈkiːaˌi/
Locative	Prefix aɪ-	Prefix heɪ- heiˈkeeaˌi /heɪˈkiːaˌi/
Ablative	Prefix flɑ-	If starts with vowel: Prefix b- Else: Prefix bɑ- baˈkeeaˌi /bɑˈkiːaˌi/

Articles

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	tin /tɪn/ the	inch /ɪnʧ/ a
Plural	hom /hoʊm/ the	lou /laʊ/ some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
• Used with place names: ‘The London’

Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:

• Not used for non-specific mass (uncountable) nouns: non-specific means ‘Would you like some (any) tea?’ whereas specific means ‘Some tea (a specific amount) fell off the truck’

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative	Locative	Ablative
1st singular	i /iː/ I	wak /wɑk/ me	mor /mɔː/ mine	moi /mɔɪ/ to me	yep /jɛp/ at me	keem /kiːm/ from me
2nd singular	yi /jiː/ you (masc)	ur /ɜː/ you	yeret /jɛət/ yours	u /uː/ to you	ege /ɛʤ/ at you	cheege /ʧiːʤ/ from you
3rd singular masc	cheelds /ʧiːldz/ he, it	bag /bɑg/ him, it	or /ɔː/ his, its	eb /ɛb/ to him, at it	pip /pɪp/ at him, at it	mab /mæb/ from him, from it
3rd singular fem	kilk /kɪlk/ she, it	ky /kiː/ her, it	yet /jɛt/ hers, its	coot /kʊt/ to her, at it	ach /ɑʧ/ at her, at it	vu /vuː/ from her, from it
1st plural	sy /siː/ we	yur /jɜː/ us	eem /iːm/ ours	cor /kɔː/ to us	nes /nɛs/ at us	you /jaʊ/ from us
2nd plural	wur /wɜː/ you all	eed /iːd/ you all	punge /puːŋ/ yours (pl)	can /kæn/ to you all	seem /siːm/ at you all	su /suː/ from you all
3rd plural	wangk /wɑŋk/ they	pu /puː/ them	lai /laɪ/ theirs	pit /pɪt/ to them	eived /eɪvd/ at them	ai /aɪ/ from them

Possessive determiners

1st singular	mor /mɔː/ my
2nd singular	yeret /jɛət/ your
3rd singular masc	or /ɔː/ his
3rd singular fem	yet /jɛt/ her
1st plural	eem /iːm/ our
2nd plural	punge /puːŋ/ your (pl)
3rd plural	lai /laɪ/ their

Verbs

Present	If starts with vowel: Prefix p- Else: Prefix pɪ- piˈgeiˌχa /pɪˈgeiˌχa/ learn
Past	No affix geˈiχa /geˈiχa/ learned
Remote past	Prefix iː- eeˈgeiˌχa /iːˈgeiˌχa/ learned (long ago)
Future	Prefix ɛ- eˈgeiˌχa /ɛˈgeiˌχa/ will learn

Imperfective aspect
The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
Yendirdoc uses a standalone particle word for imperfective:

Imperfective

Particle before the verb: meɪsp - meisp geˈiχa /meɪsp geˈiχa/ learns/is learning

Numbers

Yendirdoc has a base-10 number system:
1 - omˈbas
2 - biˈnarah
3 - hɔˈɨs
4 - ty
5 - saˈmloo
6 - naˈu
7 - nunn
8 - satˈtoo
9 - ru
10 - ntin
11 - omˈbas var ntin “one and ten”
100 - omˈbas bleː “one hundred”
101 - omˈbas bleː var omˈbas “one hundred and one”
200 - biˈnarah bleː
1000 - omˈbas gɨˈthir “one thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ld ELSE
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = No affix
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = No affix
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = No affix
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t ELSE
Noun to verb = No affix
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = No affix
Tending to = No affix
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = No affix
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = No affix
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = No affix
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = No affix
Diminutive = No affix
Augmentative = No affix
Opposite = No affix

Dictionary

4540 Words.