Gobbok

The angry, harsh, aggressive tongue of the hated Green-Skins

Natively known as: Gobboc /ˈobbok/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind... doü̯ng a aadtsk ning i tssäː doü̯ng bam fi ahtsk gä̃ boudt nadss Pronunciation: /dɔʏ̯ŋ a aːtʃ niŋ ɪ tsɛː dɔʏ̯ŋ bam fɪ aːtʃ ʒɛ̃ bʊt nats/ Gobbok word order: and he his hat holding stood and the wind to his wet face turned

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /b d f h j k l m n p r s t v x z ç ŋ ɡ ɹ ʃ ʒ ʔ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n			ŋ
Stop	p b		t d			k ɡ	ʔ
Fricative		f v	s z	ʃ ʒ	ç	x	h
Approximant			ɹ		j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Vowel inventory: /a aɪ̯ aʊ̯ aː ã ãː e eː i iː o oː õ õː u uː yː ø øː øːr œ œ̃ œ̃ː ɐ ɔ ɔʊ̯ ɔʏ̯ ə ɛ ɛɪ̯ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɪ ʊ ʏ/
Diphthongs: aɪ̯, aʊ̯, øːr, ɔʊ̯, ɔʏ̯, ɛɪ̯

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː yː i		u uː
Near-high	ɪ ʏ		ʊ
High-mid	eː øː e ø		oː õː o õ
Mid		ə
Low-mid	ɛ ɛː œ ɛ̃ː œ̃ː ɛ̃ œ̃		ɔ
Near-low		ɐ
Low	a aː ãː ã

Syllable structure: Custom defined Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable Word initial consonants: b, d, f, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, pf, r, t, ts, tʃ, v, z, ɡ, ʃ, ʒ Mid-word consonants: k, r, s, t, ts, z, ɹ, ʒ, ʔ Word final consonants: k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, ts, tʃ, x, ç, ŋ
Phonological changes (in order of application):

• s → h / V_V
• sk → kː / _a

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
a:	ah|aa
aɪ	ei|ay|eih|ey
aʊ	au
e:	ee|eh
e	ele
f	f|v|ph
i:	ie|ih
i̯	i
j	j|y
k	k|g|ch|c
l̩	el
m̩	em
n̩	en
oː	oh|oo
p	p|b
s	ss|s
t	t|dt
ts	z|tz|ts
tʃ	tsch
u	ou
uː	uh
u̯	u
v	w|v
x	ch
yː	üh
z	s
ã	en
ãː	and|ant|ent|an
ç	ch
õ	on
õː	on
ø	y
øː	eu
øːr	eur
ŋ	ng
œ	ö
œ̃	un
œ̃ː	um
ɐ	er
ɐ̯	r
ɔ	o
ɔʊ̯	o
ɔʏ	eu|äu
ə	e
ɛ:	äh
ɛ	ä
ɛɪ̯	ai
ɛ̃	im
ɛ̃ː	in
ɪ	i
ɹ	r
ʃ	sch|s|ch|sk
ʊ	u
ʏ	ü
ʒ	g
ʔ	'

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary with a key the door opened. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: postpositions

Nouns

Nouns have six cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipeint of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man goes to town.
• Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.

Singular

	Masculine	Feminine
Nominative	No affix ssi /zi/ man (when doinɡ the verb)	No affix tonch /tõç/ woman (when doinɡ the verb)
Accusative	If starts with vowel: Prefix tʃ- Else: Prefix tʃuː- dtssouhssi /ˈtʃuːzi/ (verb done to) man	If starts with vowel: Prefix d- Else: Prefix daʊ̯- daoudtonch /ˈdaʊ̯tõç/ (verb done to) woman
Genitive	Prefix kɔ- cossi /ˈkɔzi/ manʼs	If ends with vowel: Suffix -t Else: Suffix -aːt tonchaht /ˈtõçaːt/ womanʼs
Dative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -œn ssin /zin/ to (the/a) man	Suffix -ɛːç dtonchäːch /ˈtõçɛːç/ to (the/a) woman
Locative	Prefix ɡaɪ̯- ɡaisi /ˈɡaɪ̯zi/ near/at/by (the/a) man	If starts with vowel: Prefix h- Else: Prefix hœ̃ː- hö̃ːdtonch /ˈhœ̃ːtõç/ near/at/by (the/a) woman
Ablative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -øːrx ssich /zix/ from (the/a) man	If ends with vowel: Suffix -k Else: Suffix -ak tonchag /ˈtõçak/ from (the/a) woman

Plural

	Masculine	Feminine
Nominative	Suffix -eː sieleele /ˈzieː/ men (when doinɡ the verb)	Prefix ɡʊ- ɡoudtonch /ˈɡʊtõç/ women (when doinɡ the verb)
Accusative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -ɪn sin /zin/ (verb done to) men	If ends with vowel: Suffix -s Else: Suffix -ɔʊ̯s dtonchoouss /ˈtõçɔʊ̯s/ (verb done to) women
Genitive	If ends with vowel: Suffix -s Else: Suffix -ɔʏ̯s ssiss /zis/ menʼs	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ŋ Else: Suffix -aʊ̯ŋ tonchaoung /ˈtõçaʊ̯ŋ/ womenʼs
Dative	Suffix -oːt ssiohdt /ˈzioːt/ to (the/some) men	Prefix e- eledtonch /ˈetõç/ to (the/some) women
Locative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -r Else: Suffix -yːr ssir /zir/ near/at/by (the/some) men	Prefix tsɛː- dssäːdtonch /ˈtsɛːtõç/ near/at/by (the/some) women
Ablative	If starts with vowel: Prefix b- Else: Prefix ba- bassi /ˈbazi/ from (the/some) men	Prefix ə- eletonch /ˈətõç/ from (the/some) women

Articles

Gobbok has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative	Locative	Ablative
1st singular	eler /ɐ/ I	och /ox/ me	hou /hu/ mine	säis /zɛɪ̯s/ to me	bi /bɪ/ at me	pi /pɪ/ from me
2nd singular	bät /pɛt/ you (masc)	hoour /hɔʊ̯r/ you	päːds /pɛːtʃ/ yours	deler /dɐ/ to you	tsih /tsiː/ at you	ssö̃ː /zœ̃ː/ from you
3rd singular masc	a /a/ he, it	ɡaouch /ɡaʊ̯ç/ him, it	raoug /raʊ̯k/ his, its	andt /ãːt/ to him, at it	sselen /ʃã/ at him, at it	päːch /pɛːx/ from him, from it
3rd singular fem	jit /jit/ she, it	phym /føm/ her, it	lou /lʊ/ hers, its	oü̯r /ɔʏ̯r/ to her, at it	eleou /øː/ at her, at it	säir /zɛɪ̯r/ from her, from it
1st plural	ohdt /oːt/ we	äːr /ɛːr/ us	äich /ɛɪ̯ç/ ours	ri /ri/ to us	hi /hi/ at us	ta /ta/ from us
2nd plural	jäs /jɛts/ you all	heleour /høːr/ you all	gödt /kœt/ yours (pl)	na /na/ to you all	dele /də/ at you all	pwohs /pfoːs/ from you all
3rd plural masc	gog /kɔk/ they (masc)	bha /fa/ them (masc)	ih /iː/ theirs (masc)	cäc /kɛk/ to them (masc)	reler /rɐ/ at them (masc)	kohm /koːm/ from them (masc)
3rd plural fem	boch /bɔk/ they (fem)	ki /kɪ/ them (fem)	ön /œn/ theirs (fem)	och /oç/ to them (fem)	ppheleou /pføː/ at them (fem)	tchöng /tʃœŋ/ from them (fem)

Possessive determiners

1st singular	pwook /pfoːk/ my
2nd singular	öm /œm/ your
3rd singular masc	ahsk /aːtʃ/ his
3rd singular fem	pwöss /pfœs/ her
1st plural	cohl /koːl/ our
2nd plural	pvü /pfʏ/ your (pl)
3rd plural masc	ɡoom /ɡoːm/ their (masc)
3rd plural fem	ta /ta/ their (fem)

Verbs

1st person	If ends with vowel: Suffix -k Else: Suffix -ɛːk ohtsäːg /ˈoːtsɛːk/
2nd person	Prefix ɛ- äohss /ˈɛoːts/
3rd person	Suffix -ək oodselek /ˈoːtsək/

Gobbok uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	Particle before the verb: pfœp - pföp oos /pfœp oːts/ learned

Gobbok uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: ʒotʃ - gotss oods /ʒotʃ oːts/ will learn

Progressive aspect

The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speking, such as I am learning.
Gobbok uses an affix for progressive:

Progressive

If ends with vowel: Suffix -tʃ Else: Suffix -ãːtʃ oodtsandtch /ˈoːtsãːtʃ/ is learninɡ

Habitual aspect

The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Gobbok uses an affix for habitual:

Habitual

Suffix -ɪ ohtssi /ˈoːtsɪ/ learns

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Gobbok uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -ɔn oodtson /ˈoːtsɔn/ have learned

Numbers

Gobbok has a base-10 number system:
1 - tö̃tss 2 - pphooch 3 - bi 4 - peleh 5 - gidt 6 - vahn 7 - ɡühss 8 - ɡösseleou 9 - gos 10 - na 11 - na doü̯ng tö̃tss “ten and one” 100 - tö̃s eleourss “one hundred” 101 - tö̃tss eleours doü̯ng dtö̃dts “one hundred and one” 200 - bbhooch eleours 1000 - dtö̃dss non “one thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If starts with vowel: Prefix f- Else: Prefix faː- Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix ʏ- Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix høːr- Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix v- Else: Prefix və- Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix z- Else: Prefix zi- Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = Prefix ʏ- Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix f- Else: Prefix faː- Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d- Else: Prefix dɛ̃ː- Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix bɛː- Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = Prefix zi- One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If starts with vowel: Prefix b- Else: Prefix byː- Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with vowel: Prefix tʃ- Else: Prefix tʃoː- Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix jo- Augmentative = Prefix mœ̃ː-

Dictionary

4429 Words.