Terran

Natively known as: ʻīda /ˈʕiːda/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
’īfl yī shada kāh yī yūz’ ’īfl qūk yī ghūq rāli a ’ill
Pronunciation: /ʔiːfl jiː ʃaˈda kaːh jiː ʤuːzʔ ʔiːfl quːk jiː ɣuːq raːˈli a ʔill/
ʻīdan word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: /b d dˤ f h j k l m n q r s sˤ t tˤ w x z ð ðˤ ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʕ ʤ θ/
↓Manner/Place→ Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Palato-alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Nasal m n
Stop b t tˤ d dˤ k q ʔ
Affricate ʤ
Fricative f θ ð ðˤ s sˤ z ʃ x ɣ ħ ʕ h
Approximant j
Trill r
Lateral approximant l
  Co-articulated phonemes
↓Manner/Place→ Labial-velar
Approximant w
  Vowel inventory: /a aː i iː u uː/
Front Back
High i iː u uː
Low a aː
  Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: No fixed stress
Word initial consonants: b, d, dˤ, f, h, j, k, l, m, n, q, r, s, sˤ, t, tˤ, w, x, z, ð, ħ, ɣ, ʃ, ʔ, ʕ, ʤ, θ
Mid-word consonants: b, bb, d, dd, dˤ, f, h, j, jj, k, kr, l, ll, lʔ, m, mm, n, nd, nt, ntˤ, nð, q, qq, r, rb, rr, s, sˤ, t, tl, tʤ, tˤ, tˤtˤ, w, ww, x, ð, ðˤ, ħ, ɣ, ʃ, ʔ, ʕ, ʕl, ʕt, ʕtˤ, ʤ, θ
Word final consonants: N/A   Phonological changes (in order of application):  
  • a → Ø / _u
  • ʔ → h / _C
  • θ → s / _O
  • t → ʦ / _i
  • d → rs / V_V
  • a → u / _Cu
  • i → a / _t
  • m → w / _B
  • t → s / _#
  How to read phonological rules   Spelling rules:
Pronunciation Spelling
ā
ī
j y
ş
ţ
ū
x kh
ð dh
ħ
ɣ gh
ʃ sh
ʔ
ʕ ʻ
ʤ j
θ th
 

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions  

Nouns

  Nouns have both a plural affix and dual affix for precisely two things.
Singular No affix hus /hus/ doɡ
Plural If starts with vowel: Prefix ð- Else: Prefix ði- dhihus /ˈðihus/ doɡs
Dual If starts with vowel: Prefix r- Else: Prefix ri- rihus /ˈrihus/
 

Articles

Definite Indefinite
Singular ’īʻ /ʔiːʕ/ the lūr /luːr/ a
Plural ’ur /ʔur/ the ʻu /ʕu/ some
 

Pronouns

1st singular khayy /xajj/ I, me, mine
2nd singular /daː/ you, yours
3rd singular masc /jiː/ he, him, his, it, its
3rd singular fem dhin /ðin/ she, her, hers, it, its
1st plural inclusive ’ull /ʔull/ we (including you), us (including you), ours (including you)
1st plural exclusive fa /fa/ we (excluding you), us (excluding you), ours (excluding you)
2nd plural a /a/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural ’im /ʔim/ they, them, theirs
 

Possessive determiners

1st singular khayy /xajj/ my
2nd singular /daː/ your
3rd singular masc /jiː/ his
3rd singular fem dhin /ðin/ her
1st plural inclusive ’ull /ʔull/ our (including you)
1st plural exclusive fa /fa/ our (excluding you)
2nd plural a /a/ your (pl)
3rd plural ’im /ʔim/ their
 

Verbs

Present No affix ʻusī /ˈʕusiː/ learn
Past If starts with vowel: Prefix l- Else: Prefix la- laʻusī /laˈʕusiː/ learned
Remote past Prefix ɣuː- ghūʻusī /ɣuːˈʕusiː/ learned (lonɡ aɡo)
Future If starts with vowel: Prefix k- Else: Prefix ka- kaʻusī /kaˈʕusiː/ will learn
 

Imperfective aspect

  The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).   ʻīdan uses an affix for imperfective:
Imperfective If starts with vowel: Prefix n- Else: Prefix naː- nāʻusī /naːʕuˈsiː/ learns/is learninɡ
 

Perfect aspect

  The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.   ʻīdan uses an affix for the perfect aspect:
Perfect Prefix si- siʻusī /siˈʕusiː/ have learned
 

Numbers

  ʻīdan has a base-10 number system:   1 - al
2 - şirḑ
3 - fā
4 - mā
5 - dā
6 - ʻu
7 - ufi
8 - hihaḩ
9 - ill
10 - māwi
11 - māwial “ten-one”
100 - al riyy “one hundred”
101 - al riyy ’īfl al “one hundred and one”
200 - şirḑ riyy
1000 - al anān “one thousand”  

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʕ-
Else: Prefix ʕu-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix na-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix tˤiː-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix saː-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix kaː-
Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = Prefix a-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix s-
Else: Prefix si-
Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = Prefix aː-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix t-
Else: Prefix tuː-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix iː-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix ʕu-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with vowel: Prefix n-
Else: Prefix naː-
Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix kaː-
Augmentative = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʕ-
Else: Prefix ʕu-

Dictionary

4373 Words.
Root Languages
Common Female Names
  • Ḩāquw /ħaːˈquw/
  • Khabbiz’ /xabˈbizʔ/ 
  • Uḑī /uˈdˤiː/
  • ’Uʻtub /ʔuʕˈtub/
  • Qīdūwā /qiːˈduːwaː/
  • Başi /ˈbasˤi/ 
  • Shayyīu /ʃaˈjjiːu/ 
  • Ālūli /aːˈluːli/
  • Iyyār /ˈijjaːr/ 
  • Yītlim /ˈjiːtlim/
Common Male Names
  • Māu /maːˈu/ 
  • Şinta /ˈsˤinta/
  • Şiḩāw /ˈsˤiħaːw/ 
  • Wīmaf /ˈwiːmaf/ 
  • Rālī /ˈraːliː/ 
  • Qūqi /ˈquːqi/ 
  • Ḑūrbu /ˈdˤuːrbu/ 
  • Yīḑi /ˈjiːdˤi/ 
  • Dhuʻlūbbīţ /ðuˈʕluːbbiːtˤ/ 
  • Yūʻlīd /ʤuːˈʕliːd/
Common Unisex Names
  • Khatya /xatˈʤa/ 
  • Zāndhūkāḩ /zaːnðuːˈkaːħ/ 
  • Ḩāyur /ħaːˈʤur/ 
  • Sāʻtal /saːʕˈtal/ 
  • Uyiq /ˈujiq/ 
  • Bara /baˈra/ 
  • Shaʻţat /ʃaʕˈtˤat/ 
  • Khadi /xaˈdi/
  • Wīdā /ˈwiːdaː/
  • ʻUbifl /ˈʕubifl/

Comments

Please Login in order to comment!